21.
The Book of the Eighties
533.
The Lesser Swan Birth Story (1)
Go, you too, do not doubt, there is no companionship with one who is bound."
Having attended upon you when happy, how could I abandon you when in distress?
That very death is better, than if I should live without you.
Whatever destination is yours, that is mine, it pleases me, O lord of birds.
How does that please you, who are thinking, though you are free?
Or for the remaining relatives, at the destruction of life of both of us?
In such a case giving up life, what purpose would it illuminate?"
The Teaching, when esteemed, being peaceful, shows benefit to living beings.
And seeing devotion in you, I do not wish for life."
One should not abandon even for life's sake, remembering the principle of causation.
Do as you wish in this matter, go with my consent."
By you, that one endowed with wisdom, may it be supremely restrained.
The hunter appeared to them, like Death to the afflicted.
Both sat in silence, they did not stir from their seats.
Come forth with speed, O enemy of birds, O lord of birds.
The hunter drew back, thinking "they are bound."
Having approached the one bound and seated, looking on without distress.
The one with a grown body, seated, the lord of the flock of the bird community.
Then why do you, unfettered, powerful bird, not go?
Having left it, the birds go - why do you alone lag behind?"
I will indeed not abandon him, until the end of time.
For this is the mark of the great, that they are able to understand misfortune."
Then even having encountered the net and the snare, he does not understand.
Approaching the hidden one, they are caught, and thus at the destruction of life."
Will you perhaps approve of us, will you perhaps grant us life?"
Surely, having gone quickly from here, may you live long, free from trouble."
If you are satisfied with one, release this one and eat me.
Your life is not by gain, exchange yourself with this one.
First bind me with a snare, afterwards release the lord of birds.
And friendship with the Dhataraṭṭhas, would be yours for life."
Friends and colleagues and dependants, children and wife and relatives.
As you are to Dhataraṭṭha, a companion sharing life.
Surely, having gone quickly from here, may you shine among your relatives."
The bent-necked one addressed him, speaking speech pleasant to the ear.
Just as I rejoice today, having seen the lord of birds released."
This Dhataraṭṭha is a gain for you, he will not see anything bad.
Unbound, in our natural state, standing on both sides of the carrying pole.
For this one is the king of the swans, the other is the general.
Delighted, glad at heart, pleased, he will give you much wealth."
Having gone quickly to the inner palace, he showed the swans to the king;
Unbound, in our natural state, standing on both sides of the carrying pole.
For this one is the king of the swans, the other is the general."
How did a hunter attain lordship over the great ones here?"
Whatever place I think is a life-obstruction for birds.
Him, unfettered, sitting nearby, this one addressed me.
Striving for the benefit of his supporter, the bird devoted to righteousness.
Not lamenting, while seated, he begged for his master's life.
Then I freed him from the snare, and gave permission with happiness.
The bent-necked one addressed him, speaking speech pleasant to the ear.
Just as I rejoice today, having seen the lord of birds released.
This Dhataraṭṭha is a gain for you, he will not see anything bad.
Unbound, in our natural state, standing on both sides of the carrying pole.
For this one is the king of the swans, the other is the general.
Delighted, glad at heart, pleased, he will give you much wealth."
For here indeed these two were, both approved by me.
Would indeed generate gentleness in a huntsman such as me.
In the whole village of fowlers, see that, O lord of men."
The bent-necked one addressed him, speaking speech pleasant to the ear.
Is it that this country is prosperous, do you govern by the Teaching?"
And also is this country prosperous, do I govern by the Teaching?"
And do they not wish for life in your affairs?"
And also in my affairs, they do not wish for life."
Endowed with sons, beauty and fame, following your wish and will?"
Endowed with sons, beauty and fame, following my wish and will."
Experience abundant suffering, in that first misfortune?
Thus for these contemptible ones, this becomes customary at that very moment."
And this one did nothing to us, like an enemy he approached.
Then this Sumukha himself, the wise one, replied.
Then he freed me from the snare, and gave permission with happiness.
Your coming to his presence, by this one desiring wealth."
Let him also receive much wealth, as much as he desires."
Addressed the bent-necked one, speaking speech pleasant to the ear.
All supremacy is yours, govern that if you wish.
This wealth I give to you, I give up supremacy to you."
Willingly, endowed with higher intelligence, that would be supremely dear to me."
I am not able to speak against, that would not be my discipline.
Protector of the earth, lord of men, worthy of veneration for many reasons.
Nothing in between should be spoken against, by a servant, O lord of men."
Indeed not of one whose self is undeveloped, would there be such method.
Among all those seen by me, I do not see another such as this.
This too is my desire, that I may see you both for a long time."
We have attained you without doubt, whatever devotion you have towards us.
By not seeing us, suffering for many fortnights.
Having circumambulated him, may we see our kinsman, O tamer of foes.
This too would be a great benefit, the intimacy with kinsmen."
Following with the highest speed, they approached the congregation of kinsmen.
The swans made the cry 'Kekā', a great noise arose.
Surrounded him all around, the egg-born ones having gained support."
Just as the Dhataraṭṭha swans approached the congregation of kinsmen."
The Minor Swan Birth Story is first.
534.
The Great Swan Birth Story (2)
O golden-skinned one, golden-coloured one, surely, O fair-faced one, depart.
Without looking back they go, why do you alone lag behind?"
Do not neglect your effort for freedom from trouble, surely, O fair-faced one, depart."
Whether life or death for me, will be together with you."
You should not yoke me to a deed connected with what is ignoble.
I am known as your general, O most excellent of swans.
Having abandoned you, O foremost among birds, what shall I say to them, having gone from here;
I shall give up life here, I will not endeavour to do what is ignoble."
Who would not endeavour to abandon me, your master and friend.
You will obtain my life, being in such a state."
The hunter, having taken his stick, came hurrying exceedingly.
The swan stood in front of the king, reassuring the frightened one.
I shall apply exertion, proper and connected with the Teaching;
By that pure effort, you will quickly be freed from the snare."
The hunter, with hair bristling, offered salutation with joined palms to him.
The bent-necked one speaking noble words, uttering human speech.
Having left it, the birds go - why do you alone lag behind?"
I am not able to abandon the lord of birds in misfortune.
So be it, my dear hunter, this is my husband, around him I delight."
I release to you that husband, may you both go as you please."
We accept from you, my dear, this gift of safety.
Being without power, releasing us, you would commit theft, O hunter."
There the self-controlled king will act according to his understanding."
Having grasped with both hands, he placed them in the cage.
Sumukha and Dhataraṭṭha, the hunter having taken, departed."
'I fear greatly, Sumukha, for Sāmā with beautiful thighs;
Having learned of our murder, she will then kill herself.'
Like a heron on the ocean shore, wretched, surely she will grieve."
Should grieve over one woman, this is not like the wise.
A fool like unripe and ripe fruit, the greedy like a blind man material gains.
You do not know what should and should not be done, having reached the course of time.
They are common to many, like a liquor house to drunkards.
They are harsh and bondage, snares of Death, dwelling in caves;
Whatever man trusts in them, he is the lowest of men among men."
Women of great fortune by name, arose in the world.
Seeds grow in them, that is to say, beings are born;
Who among them would become disenchanted, a man having touched life with his hands?
For you today, when fear has arisen, wisdom arises from one who is frightened.
And the wise, those in great positions, engage in matters difficult to engage in.
The hero who wards off misfortune, and protection of oneself."
For such is the beauty of our wings, may it not kill you like the fruit kills the bamboo.
He today has reached doubt, grasp the meaning, not the face."
By your pure effort, seek my life."
I shall apply exertion, proper and connected with the Teaching;
By my pure effort, you will quickly be freed from the snare."
Announce me to the king, Dhataraṭṭha has come."
Indeed the self-controlled king addressed his ministers.
Let there be as much unwrought gold as he wishes."
If this, my dear Khemaka, remains full of swans.
Strewn over by the congregation of kinsmen, how did he seize the foremost one?"
Searching for its track, diligent, relying on the pot-cage.
There I set down a snare, thus I caught that bird."
Is your mind confused, or what indeed do you seek?"
Stand pressing against the chest, he approached my bond.
Speaking noble words, stood still, uttering human speech."
Or having reached my assembly, frightened by fear, do you not speak?"
I shall not fail to speak through fear, a word in such a matter."
Nor your leather shield or armour, nor armoured archers.
With moat strewn around, a fortress, with firm watchtower and porch;
Where having entered, Sumukha, you do not fear what should be feared."
By a pathless way we travel the path, we who move through the sky.
We would speak meaningful speech, if you were established in truth.
Even well-spoken words of a liar, a cruel one?"
And safety was proclaimed by you, in these ten directions.
Abundant food there, and non-violence here towards birds.
We were bound by you with a snare, that was spoken falsely by you.
Having transgressed both connections, one is reborn in suffering."
We have heard you are wise, subtle, a thinker of meaning.
So be it, my dear hunter, spoken to, Sumukha, you have seized me."
We would speak meaningful speech, having reached the course of time.
Or would buy the learned with the learned, what is more ignoble than that?
He falls from both worlds, both here and in the hereafter.
One should indeed strive in duties, and restrain the openings.
Having practised the Teaching here, thus they went to the celestial abode.
And release Dhataraṭṭha, the most excellent of swans."
I will release from the cage the glorious Dhataraṭṭha.
Who is happy when the king is happy, and is afflicted when he is afflicted.
Just as this fair-faced Sumukha is to the king, a companion sharing life."
Polished, spread with Kāsi cloth, Dhataraṭṭha sat down upon.
Sumukha looked upon, right next to Dhataraṭṭha.
Brought offerings to the swans, sent by the chief king."
Skilled in the duties of warriors, he then asked without delay.
Is it that this country is prosperous, do you govern by the Teaching?"
And also is this country prosperous, do I govern by the Teaching?"
And do they not wish for life in your affairs?"
And also in my affairs, they do not wish for life."
Endowed with sons, beauty and fame, following your wish and will?"
Endowed with sons, beauty and fame, following my wish and will."
Without violence, by the rule, righteously do you govern?"
Without violence, by the rule, righteously do I govern?"
Do you not, having rejected the Teaching, conform to what is not the Teaching?"
I conform only to the Teaching, what is not the Teaching is repudiated by me."
Are you not intoxicated by what is intoxicating, do you not fear the world beyond?"
Established in the ten principles, I would not fear the world beyond.
Non-wrath and non-violence, patience and non-opposition.
From that, joy arises in me, and pleasure not small.
Not knowing the fault in my mind, this bird towards us.
Which faults do not exist in us, this is not like the wise."
And when Dhataraṭṭha was bound, my suffering was extensive.
Forgive us who have transgressed, O royal elephant."
You break through barrenness, O bird, you are upright, O winged one."
Silver and gold, many pearls and lapis lazuli.
Antelope skin and ivory goods, copper and much iron;
This wealth I give to you, I give up supremacy to you."
For those practising the teachings, be our teacher.
Having circumambulated him, may we see our kinsman, O tamer of foes."
The King of Kāsi gave permission to the most excellent of swans."
While the king of Kāsi looked on, from the dwelling they plunged into the sky."
The swans made the cry 'Kekā', a great noise arose.
Surrounded him all around, the egg-born ones having gained support."
Just as the Dhataraṭṭha swans approached the congregation of kinsmen."
The Great Swan Birth Story is second.
535.
The Ambrosia Food Birth Story (3)
This is indeed difficult to obtain and small, a bowl of rice is not enough for us, hard to obtain."
From much one should give much, not giving is not fitting.
Having ascended the noble path, one who eats alone does not obtain happiness."
He who, while a guest is seated, eats food alone.
Having ascended the noble path, one who eats alone does not obtain happiness."
He who, while a guest is seated, does not eat food alone.
Having ascended the noble path, one who eats alone does not obtain happiness."
At Doṇa, at the Timbaru ford, in the swift-flowing, great torrent.
He who, while a guest is seated, does not eat food alone.
Having ascended the noble path, one who eats alone does not obtain happiness."
He who, while a guest is seated, eats food alone.
Having ascended the noble path, one who eats alone does not obtain happiness."
It transforms into various colours and appearances; tell us, brahmins, who are you?"
I am Sakka, the lord of the thirty-three, and this one is called Pañcasikha.
They awaken him who is asleep, and having awakened, he rejoices."
Having laid down the bodily form right here, upon the body's collapse, they go to hell."
Having laid down the bodily form right here, upon the body's collapse, they go to a fortunate destination."
We have come here for your very purpose, may this one of bad character not go to hell."
I shall act accordingly, all that is spoken by those who seek my benefit.
And there is nothing of mine that should not be given, and I do not drink water without having given.
Then I shall go forth, Sakka, having abandoned sensual pleasures, each according to its limit."
Then came the excellent sage, who goes to all worlds, having taken a fully blooming branch of the excellent tree.
Not obtained by mortals or by titans, apart from the gods, for them indeed it is worthy.
Āsā and Saddhā and Sirī, then Hirī, thus they spoke to the brahmin, the divine Nārada.
Give it to us, may all your wishes succeed, and may you too be for us just as Vāsava.
'I have no need for these, whoever among you is the eldest, let her adorn herself with them.'"
For whichever one you show to us, Nārada, she indeed will be considered the best for us."
Having gone, ask the lord of beings himself, if you do not know here the highest and the lowest."
Having gone to the presence of the Thousand-Eyed One, they asked the lord of beings: 'Who indeed is the eldest?'"
'All of you are equal to the beautiful one, who indeed, dear ladies, uttered this dispute?'"
He told us, 'Having gone to the excellent mountain Gandhamādana, ask the lord of beings himself;
If you do not know here the highest and the lowest.'"
Kosiya gives gifts with discrimination, to whichever one he will give, she indeed is the eldest."
That Kosiya, for whom food and drink are hard to obtain, bring ambrosia to him, O charioteer of the gods."
Having approached the hermitage very quickly, not being visible, he gave ambrosia to the sage."
Vāsava, having surpassed all beings, who indeed placed what ambrosia in my hands?
Never before seen by my eyes, which deity placed what ambrosia in my hands?"
Know me as Mātali, the charioteer of the gods, partake of the best food, do not refuse.
Wrath and hostility, contention and slander, cold, heat and drowsiness - this is the supreme flavour."
Nor even a single seat venerated by the noble ones, and one who does not share does not find happiness."
All these, with the stingy as fifth, are base, therefore without having given, I would not eat even water.
Faithful, bountiful, here free from avarice, these become pure and esteemed for truth."
Āsā and Saddhā and Sirī, then Hirī, came to that hermitage where Kosiya was.
Four maidens, four in the four directions, thus he spoke in the presence of Mātali.
I ask you, O one with a body like a golden creeper, tell me, which deity are you?"
I have come to your presence due to a dispute about ambrosia, so distribute ambrosia to me, O one of excellent wisdom.
Know me as Sirī, O best of those who sacrifice, distribute ambrosia to me, O one of excellent wisdom."
Deprived by you, they obtain nothing, this is not good, that is to say, what was done by you.
Protected by you, O Fortune, even one of noble birth, the wealthy one happily sends him about like a slave.
Such a one does not deserve a seat or water, whence ambrosia? Go, you do not please me."
Having clothed yourself in garments of poured-water colour, you shine, having adorned your ear with a blossom red as the tip of kusa grass.
Who is your companion here, O soft-eyed one, do you not fear, alone in the forest grove?"
With hope for ambrosia I have come to your presence, so distribute ambrosia to me, O one of excellent wisdom."
They sink there and also at one time, deprived of wealth they come with their goods destroyed.
By the onset of calamity or by lack of rain, they gain nothing of the coming of fruit from that.
They, for their master's benefit, being overly oppressed again, flee to the directions, not having obtained anything.
They practise even rough austere asceticism for a long time, having mounted the wrong path they go to an unfortunate realm.
Such a one does not deserve a seat or water, whence ambrosia? Go, you do not please me."
I ask you, O one with a body like a golden creeper, tell me, which deity are you?"
I have come to your presence due to a dispute about ambrosia, so distribute ambrosia to me, O one of excellent wisdom."
Theft, falsehood, fraud and also slander, some do again, released by you.
Having removed desire even for women of good family, he places faith again in a water-carrying slave girl.
Such a one does not deserve a seat or water, whence ambrosia? Go, you do not please me."
Such is the simile that occurs to me, O deity, tell me, which nymph are you?"
Who are you standing there, gazing like a gentle deer, as if wishing to speak, yet you utter no word?"
I have come to your presence due to a dispute about ambrosia, yet I am not able to beg even for ambrosia;
For a woman's begging is like exposing one's private parts."
Therefore that, without begging, I invite you, whatever ambrosia you wish, that too I give to you.
For you are to be venerated by me with all flavours, and having venerated you, I too shall eat the ambrosia."
Abounding in water, with fruit, venerated by the noble ones, always frequented by those free from evil and enemies.
Sobhañjana trees, lodda trees and also padmaka trees, keka trees and bhaṅga trees, tilaka trees fully in bloom.
Uddālaka trees and trumpet-flower trees and sinduvāraka trees, with delightful fragrance, mucalinda trees and ketaka trees.
Plantains, banana trees, many kinds of rice here, various paddy, bhujapatta leaves, and rice grains.
Without roughness, without steep banks, good, without bad odour.
Singu fish, savaṅka fish, saṃkula fish, satavaṅka fish, and red fish;
Swarming with āḷi fish and gaggara fish, shad fish and crow-fish.
Swans, herons, and peacocks, ruddy geese and cocks;
Many cuckoos, variegated ones, crested peacocks and pheasants.
Lions, tigers and boars, bears, wolves and hyenas.
Antelopes and boars, those with followings and wild pigs;
Many kadalimiga deer here, cats and hares.
For her, a stool with well-bound head, made of kusa grass, pure, fragrant, covered with antelope hide;
Having spread out the stool, Hiri said this to her, 'Sit down, beautiful one, this seat is comfortable.'
With fresh leaves, himself, together with water, brought ambrosia quickly, the great sage.
"Come, I, now venerated by you, shall go, O Brahmin, to the celestial abode, victorious."
Having gone to the presence of the Thousand-Eyed One, 'This is Sudhā, O Vāsava, give me the victory.'"
She, with joined palms, honoured by gods and humans, when she sat down on the new stool."
Having gone, tell my word to Kosiya, 'By hope, by faith, and by splendour, O Kosiya;
By what cause did shame obtain ambrosia?'"
With a pole of Jambu-river gold, resembling refined gold, adorned, resembling variegated gold.
Antelopes, here birds made of crystal, here deer made of lapis lazuli, endowed with weapons.
Adorned, with golden net breast-plates, with ear ornaments, going at a sound, unhindered.
The sky and the rocks and the forest trees, he shook the earth together with the ocean.
Thus spoke Mātali to the very learned, senior, disciplined brahmin equal to a god.
By hope, by faith, and by splendour, O Kosiya, by what cause did shame obtain ambrosia?"
Hope is deemed deceitful by me, and shame is established in the noble quality."
They restrain by shame the desire and lust arisen towards men, their own mind.
They turn back through shame, having abandoned life, those with shame receive them again.
That shame, honoured by the noble ones in all the world, make that known to Indra, O charioteer of the gods."
For Shame, considered the best among the gods, the daughter of the great Indra, became the queen."
And Inda awaits you, O kinsman of Inda, this very day go to companionship with Inda."
Whoever saw the food of ambrosia, all of them have gone to companionship with Indra."
288.
Anuruddha was Pañcasikha, Ānanda was Mātali.
289.
Nārada was Sāriputta, the Fully Self-Enlightened One was Vāsava."
The Ambrosia Food Birth Story is third.
536.
The Kuṇāla Birth Story (4)
Thus it is declared, thus it is proclaimed. In a region bearing all medicinal herbs, spread with many flower garlands, frequented by elephants, gayals, buffaloes, ruru deer, yaks, spotted deer, rhinoceroses, elks, lions, tigers, leopards, bears, wolves, hyenas, otters, plantain deer, cats, hares, and kaṇṇikā deer, scattered about, inhabited by herds of faultless great boars, serpents, elephant families, and she-elephants, resorted to by black antelopes, monkeys, sarabha deer, eṇī deer, swift deer, spotted deer, man-eating beings, kimpurisas, demons, and ogres, with many trees bearing clusters of non-intoxicating blossoms, delighted, with flower-touched tops, spread with many groups of trees, constantly resounding with flocks of intoxicated birds - ospreys, partridges, elephants, peacocks, parrots, jīvañjīvaka birds, celāvaka birds, bhiṅkāra birds, and Indian cuckoos, in a region adorned and decorated with hundreds of various minerals bound together - antimony, red arsite, yellow orpiment, vermilion, gold, silver, and gold - in such a charming jungle thicket, my dear, there dwells a bird named Kuṇāla, extremely beautiful, with extremely beautiful variegated wing-coverings.
Indeed, my dear, that Kuṇāla bird has two and a half thousand female attendants, bird maidens. Then indeed, my dear, two bird maidens, having gripped a stick with their beaks and having caused that Kuṇāla bird to sit in the middle, fly up - "Let not weariness on the long journey's path carry away that Kuṇāla bird."
Five hundred bird maidens fly below and below - "If this Kuṇāla bird should fall from his seat, we shall receive him with our wings."
Five hundred bird maidens fly above and above - "Let not the heat of the sun scorch that Kuṇāla bird."
Five hundred and five hundred bird maidens fly on both sides - "Let not cold or heat or grass or dust or wind or dew touch that Kuṇāla bird."
Five hundred bird maidens fly in front and in front - "Let not cowherds or cattle herders or grass-carriers or wood-carriers or forest workers strike that Kuṇāla bird with a stick or a potsherd or a hand or a clod or a staff or a knife or pebbles. Let not this Kuṇāla bird collide with bushes or creepers or trees or branches or pillars or rocks or powerful birds."
Five hundred bird maidens fly behind and behind, addressing him with smooth, gentle, charming, sweet words - "Let not this Kuṇāla bird become distressed on his seat."
Five hundred bird maidens fly in every direction, bringing various kinds of fruits from many trees - "Let not this Kuṇāla bird become exhausted from hunger."
Then indeed, my dear, those bird maidens quickly convey that Kuṇāla bird from park to park, from pleasure grove to pleasure grove, from river ford to river ford, from mountain peak to mountain peak, from mango grove to mango grove, from rose-apple grove to rose-apple grove, from breadfruit grove to breadfruit grove, from coconut grove to coconut grove, for the purpose of delight.
Then indeed, my dear, the Kuṇāla bird, surrounded by those bird maidens during the day, disparages them thus - "Perish you outcasts, be destroyed you outcasts, thieves, cheats, unmindful ones, fickle-minded ones, ungrateful for what has been done, going wherever you wish like the wind."
Indeed, my dear, in the eastern region of that Himalaya, the king of mountains, originating from very fine and very subtle mountains - approaching the green vegetation.
In a region where blue lotuses, red lotuses, white water lilies, white lotuses, hundred-petalled lotuses, fragrant white water lilies, and mandālaka flowers have freshly grown with pure fragrance, delightful with water plants.
In a thicket dense with kuravaka, mucalinda, ketaka, vedisa, vañjula, punnāga, bakula, tilaka, piyaka, hasana, sāla, saḷala, campaka, asoka, ironwood trees, tirīṭi, bhujapatta, lodda, sandalwood, abundant forests, various aloe woods, padmaka, piyaṅgu, devadāru, and coca trees, with kakudha, kuṭaja, aṅkola, kacci, kāra, kaṇikāra, kaṇṇikāra, kanavera, koraṇḍaka, koviḷāra, kiṃsuka, yodhika, forest jasmine, manaṅgaṇa, manavajja, bhaṇḍi, surucira, and bhaginī trees bearing garlands and wreaths, spread with jasmine, sumana, sweet-scented, dhanutakkāri, tālīsa, tagara, usīra, koṭṭha, and kaccha, in a region adorned and decorated with atimuttaka creepers in full bloom spread out, resounding with swans, divers, kādamba geese, and kāraṇḍava ducks, inhabited by groups of sorcerers, perfected ones, ascetics, and hermits, frequented by excellent gods, demons, ogres, titans, gandhabba musicians, kinnaras, and great serpents - in such a charming jungle thicket, my dear, there dwells a phussa cuckoo named Puṇṇamukha, with extremely sweet voice, with charming eyes, with intoxicated gaze.
Indeed, my dear, that phussa cuckoo Puṇṇamukha has two and a half hundred female attendants, bird maidens. Then indeed, my dear, two bird maidens, having gripped a stick with their beaks and having caused that phussa cuckoo Puṇṇamukha to sit in the middle, fly up - "Let not weariness on the long journey's path carry away that phussa cuckoo Puṇṇamukha."
Fifty bird maidens fly below and below - "If this Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo should fall from his seat, we will receive him with our wings."
Fifty bird maidens fly above and above - "Let not the heat of the sun scorch this Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo."
Fifty and fifty bird maidens fly on both sides - "Let not cold or heat or grass or dust or wind or dew touch this Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo."
Fifty bird maidens fly in front and in front - "Let not cowherds or cattle herders or grass-carriers or wood-carriers or forest workers strike this Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo with a stick or a potsherd or a hand or a clod or a staff or a knife or gravel. Let not this Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo come into conflict with shrubs or creepers or trees or branches or pillars or rocks or powerful birds."
Fifty bird maidens fly behind and behind, addressing him with smooth, kind, charming, and sweet words - "Let not this Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo become weary on his seat."
Fifty bird maidens fly in every direction, bringing various fruits from many trees - "Let not this Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo become exhausted from hunger."
Then indeed, my dear, those bird maidens quickly conveyed that Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo from park to park, from pleasure grove to pleasure grove, from river ford to river ford, from mountain peak to mountain peak, from mango grove to mango grove, from rose-apple grove to rose-apple grove, from breadfruit grove to breadfruit grove, from coconut grove to coconut grove, for the purpose of delight.
Then indeed, my dear, Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo, surrounded by those bird maidens throughout the day, praised them thus - "Good, good, sisters, this indeed, sisters, is proper for you as daughters of good family, that you should attend to your husband."
Then indeed, my dear, Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo approached the bird Kuṇāla. The attendant bird maidens of the bird Kuṇāla saw that Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo coming from afar; having seen him, they approached Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo; having approached, they said this to that Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo - "This, dear Puṇṇamukha, bird Kuṇāla is very harsh, very harsh in speech; perhaps having come to you, we might obtain pleasant speech." Having said "Perhaps so, sisters," he approached the bird Kuṇāla; having approached, having exchanged friendly greetings with the bird Kuṇāla, he sat down to one side. Seated to one side, Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo said this to that bird Kuṇāla - "Why are you, dear Kuṇāla, wrongly practising towards women who are well-born, daughters of good family, rightly practising? Even towards women who speak disagreeably, dear Kuṇāla, one should speak agreeably, how much more so towards those who speak agreeably!"
When this was said, the bird Kuṇāla disparaged that Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo thus - "Perish, you, my dear wretched outcast, be destroyed, you, my dear wretched outcast, who indeed is more accomplished than you, conquered by a wife!" And thus disparaged, Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo turned back from that very place.
Then indeed, my dear, at a later time, before long, a severe illness arose in Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo - bloody diarrhoea. Painful feelings occurred, bordering on death. Then indeed, my dear, this occurred to the attendant bird maidens of Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo - "This Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo is sick; perhaps he might recover from this illness" - leaving him alone without a companion, they approached the bird Kuṇāla. The bird Kuṇāla saw those bird maidens coming from afar; having seen them, he said this to those bird maidens - "But where is your husband, you outcasts?" "Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo is sick, dear Kuṇāla; perhaps he might recover from that illness." When this was said, the bird Kuṇāla disparaged those bird maidens thus - "Perish, you outcasts, be destroyed, you outcasts, thieves, cheats, unmindful ones, fickle-minded ones, not repaying what was done, going wherever you wish like the wind!" Having said this, he approached Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo; having approached, he said this to that Puṇṇamukha the phussa cuckoo - "Alas, dear Puṇṇamukha." "Alas, dear Kuṇāla."
Then indeed, my dear, the bird Kuṇāla, having embraced that cuckoo Puṇṇamukha with his wings and beak, having raised him up, gave him various medicines to drink. Then indeed, my dear, that illness of the cuckoo Puṇṇamukha was allayed. Then indeed, my dear, the bird Kuṇāla said this to that cuckoo Puṇṇamukha, who had recovered from illness, who had recently recovered from sickness -
"Seen by me, my dear Puṇṇamukha, was a dark woman with two fathers, binding her mind to a sixth man while having five husbands, that is to say, to a cripple, a headless trunk." And further there is a saying here -
These five husbands having surpassed, the woman did evil with a humpbacked dwarf."
"Seen by me, my dear Puṇṇamukha, was a female ascetic named Saccatapāpī, dwelling in the midst of a cemetery, digesting her food every fourth meal, who did evil with a drunkard.
"Seen by me, my dear Puṇṇamukha, was a queen named Kākavatī, dwelling in the midst of the ocean, the wife of Venateyya, who did evil with the dancer Kuvera.
Seen by me, my dear Puṇṇamukha, was Queen Kuruṅgadevī named Lomasuddarī, desiring Prince Eḷika, who did evil with the pupil Dhanantevāsī of Prince Chaḷaṅga.
Thus indeed this was known by me, having left the mother of Brahmadatta, the King of Kosala, she did evil with Pañcālacaṇḍa.
Just as the earth in the world is equally disposed, the treasure-bearing earth is a support for all kinds;
All-enduring, unshaking, unshakable, so too are women - a man should not trust those."
A forceful devourer, delighting in harming others, so too are women - a man should not trust those.
"Indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, prostitutes are not women to be approached, they are not called courtesans, they are called murderesses, that is to say, prostitutes, women to be approached."
"Like a thief with braided hair, like liquor mixed with poison, like a merchant with flattering speech, like the horn of an antelope ever-turning, like serpents double-tongued, like a pit concealed, like an abyss hard to fill, like a demoness hard to satisfy, like Yama taking all away, like fire all-consuming, like a river carrying all away, like the wind going wherever it wishes, like Neru making no distinction, like a poison tree ever bearing fruit." And further there is a saying here -
Like the horn of an antelope ever-turning, double-tongued like a serpent.
Like a demoness hard to satisfy, like Yama taking all away.
Like a poison tree ever bearing fruit, they destroy wealth in the home;
Women who are destroyers of treasures."
"There are these four things, dear Puṇṇamukha, which when a need arises work harm; these should not be lodged in another's family - a bull, a cow, a vehicle, and a wife. These four possessions a wise one should not keep away from home.
Those who do not use it break the chariot, by overloading they kill the bull;
By milking they kill the calf, a wife at the relatives' home becomes corrupted.'
"There are these six things, dear Puṇṇamukha, which when a need arises work harm -
A friend who is far away, and an evil companion - when a need arises, these work harm.'
"Indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, by eight reasons a woman despises her husband. By his poverty, by his sickness, by his old age, by his addiction to liquor, by his foolishness, by his heedlessness, by his compliance in all duties, by his not giving all wealth - indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, by these eight reasons a woman despises her husband. And further there is a saying here -
A heedless one and a fool, one who fails in all duties;
By giving all desires, she despises her husband.'
"Indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, by nine reasons a woman brings corruption upon her husband. She is inclined to go to parks, she is inclined to go to pleasure groves, she is inclined to go to river fords, she is inclined to go to relatives' families, she is inclined to go to other families, she is inclined to be engaged in the pursuit of adorning herself with mirrors and cloth, she is a drinker of intoxicants, she is inclined to peeping out, she is one who stands at the door - indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, by these nine reasons a woman brings corruption upon her husband." And further there is a saying here -
Engaged in adorning herself with mirrors and cloth, whatever woman is a drinker of intoxicants.
By these nine reasons, women bring about offence towards their husbands.'
"Indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, by forty reasons a woman transgresses against a man. She stretches herself, she bends, she displays charm, she acts bashfully, she strikes nail with nail, she treads foot upon foot, she scratches the ground with a stick, she lifts up a child or causes him to be lifted up, she plays or causes him to play, she kisses or causes him to kiss, she eats or causes him to eat, she gives, she requests, she imitates what is done, she speaks loudly, she speaks softly, she speaks openly, she speaks privately, she laughs with dancing, singing, music, crying, coquetry, and adornment, she gazes, she sways her hips, she moves her private parts, she opens her thighs, she closes her thighs, she shows her breasts, she shows her armpits, she shows her navel, she buries her eyes, she raises her eyebrows, she scrapes her lips with her teeth, she puts out her tongue, she loosens her cloth, she ties her cloth, she loosens her hair, she ties her hair - indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, by these forty reasons a woman transgresses against a man.
"Indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, by twenty-five reasons a woman should be known as corrupted. She praises her husband's going abroad, she does not remember him when he has gone, she does not welcome him when he has come, she speaks dispraise of him, she does not speak praise of him, she works for his harm, she does not work for his benefit, she does what is not his function, she does not do his function, she lies down wrapped up, she lies down with face turned away, she becomes restless and agitated, she breathes deeply, she experiences suffering, she frequently goes to defecate and urinate, she acts contrary, having heard another man's voice she opens her ear-holes and pays attention, she is a destroyer of wealth, she makes intimacy with neighbours, she is one with feet gone out, she is one who wanders in streets and is an adulteress, she is always disrespectful towards her husband with corrupted mental intentions, she frequently stands at the door, she shows her armpits, limbs and breasts, having gone in every direction she gazes - indeed, dear Puṇṇamukha, by these twenty-five reasons a woman should be known as corrupted. And further there is a saying here -
Having seen him returned, she does not welcome him;
She never speaks praise of her husband, these are the characteristics of a corrupted woman.
She lies down wrapped up, with face turned away, these are the characteristics of a corrupted woman.
She frequently goes to defecate and urinate, these are the characteristics of a corrupted woman.
She is a destroyer of wealth and makes intimacy, these are the characteristics of a corrupted woman.
And she makes intimacy with neighbours, these are the characteristics of a corrupted woman.
She is an adulteress, devoid of respect, these are the characteristics of a corrupted woman.
With wandering mind she gazes in every direction, these are the characteristics of a corrupted woman.
All women would do evil, when finding a sheltered place.
All women would indeed do evil, not having obtained another, even with a cripple.
Even if one should not cause displeasure everywhere, one should not trust, for women are like fords."
Having abandoned such a man, the wife, having seen another man, a cripple.
She transgressed against one subject to her control, what other woman would not commit adultery against such a one?
She transgressed against one subject to her control, yet even him she, the lustful woman, did not find satisfying.
A man not devoted to the gods does not deserve to trust women.
Ignoble, having transgressed the Dhamma, they come under the control of their own mind.
They abandon him in household duties, therefore I do not trust women.
Unstable is the heart of women, it turns round like the rim of a wheel.
They lead him with smooth words, like Kambojans lead a horse with a lotus.
They avoid him from all around, like a raft by one who has crossed to the far shore of a river.
They serve both the dear and the unloved, just as a boat goes to the near shore and the far.
Whoever would think "They are mine," would obstruct the wind with a net.
So are women of the world indeed, no limit is found for them.
Like cattle with grass outside, they fondle downwards the choicest of the choicest.
These a man should associate with from a distance, their entire nature is indeed hard to know.
Nor another's wife, nor for the sake of wealth, these five women should not be associated with.'
Then indeed, my dear, Ānanda the vulture king, having understood the beginning, middle and conclusion of the talk of the bird Kuṇāla, at that time spoke these verses -
Having obtained a moment, she might despise even that, one should not come under the control of those faithless women.
They abandon him in household duties, therefore I do not trust women.
They serve both the dear and the unloved, just as a boat goes to the near shore and the far.
One should not trust a king thinking 'he is my friend', one should not trust a woman, even a mother of ten.
Even the wife of one devoted to absolute love, one should not trust, for women are like fords.
Let one not make affection for those of base desires, unrestrained, like a ford on the Ganges.
Like cattle with grass outside, they fondle downwards the choicest of the choicest.
And also with improper dress, and with charming speech.
There is nothing they do not know, whatever deception is among human beings.
Filled with lust and bold, just as fire consumes all.
They serve both the dear and the unloved, just as a boat goes to the near shore and the far.
For wealth they embrace, like creepers dependent on trees.
The corpse burner, the rubbish remover - women pursue those with wealth.
They follow after, they pursue, for women are for the sake of wealth."
Then indeed, my dear, Nārada the divine brahmin, having understood the beginning, middle and conclusion of the talk of Ānanda the vulture king, at that time spoke these verses -
The ocean, the brahmin, the king, and also a woman, O lord of birds.
They do not fill the sea, for due to deficiency it is not filled.
Would desire even more learning, for due to deficiency it is not filled.
Having dwelt there, collected with various treasures;
He aspires to the far shore of the ocean, for due to deficiency it is not filled.
Brave and powerful, bringers of all sensual pleasures;
She would desire a ninth, for due to deficiency it is not filled.
All women are like branches of thorns, all women go for the sake of wealth.
With his own hand he might make a sound, who would entrust all his heart to women.
The nature of women is hard to know, like a fish's course in water.
Knowing that they sink, one should avoid them from afar.
Knowing that they sink, one should avoid them from afar.
Like fire, they quickly burn up his state."
Then indeed, my dear, the bird Kuṇāla, having understood the beginning, middle and conclusion of the talk of the divine brahmin Nārada, at that time spoke these verses -
One may sit beside even a snake of fierce heat, but one alone should not converse with a woman alone.
They afflict one whose mindfulness is not established, like a group of ogresses on an island afflict merchants.
They swallow a man's property, like a timiṅgala swallows a makara in the ocean.
Women flow towards the negligent, like rivers into the salt water.
Even one such as fire itself, those who slay through lust and hate burn him.
They excessively entwine him whose mind is infatuated, like the māluva creeper a sal tree in the forest.
Women laugh and chuckle, like Sambara skilled in a hundred tricks.
Though guarded, commit adultery against their husbands, like a Titan dwelling within the heart.
Gone under the control of women, he does not shine, like the moon eclipsed by Rāhu.
More than that, one undergoes disaster, gone under the control of women, full of longing.
Indeed, women resort to the low, they delight like flies on a corpse.
The snare and net of Namuci laid out, the one with vision, longing for happiness, should avoid.
He will exchange the divine realm for hell, like a merchant for a gem leading to ruin.
He goes, undetermined, tumbling down, like a chariot drawn by a vicious donkey on a side road.
Having dwelt in the animal realm, he is not released from the domain of the king of ghosts.
Women destroy the negligent, and lead them to an unfortunate realm.
And nymphs dwelling in golden mansions, for those who walk desiring not women.
For rebirth in the domain without lust, for those who walk desiring not women.
Not hard to obtain by the quenched, by the pure, for those who walk desiring not women."
Ānanda was the king of vultures, and Sāriputta was Nārada;
The assembly was the Buddha's assembly, thus remember the Jātaka."
The Kuṇāla Birth Story is fourth.
537.
The Great Sutasoma Birth Story (5)
You kill women and men, deluded one, for the sake of meat or for the reason of wealth."
My husband is the Blessed One, the protector of the earth, he eats meat, venerable sir, of such a kind."
Having reached the inner palace right early, you should tell that to me in the presence of the king."
Having reached the inner palace right early, I shall tell that to you in the presence of the king."
Kāḷa, having taken the cook, approached the king;
Having approached the king, spoke these words.
He kills women and men, and you eat the meat."
Why do you abuse him who is doing my benefit?"
When the assembly was exhausted, died eating himself.
Having destroyed sons and abandoned relatives, having wandered about, he eats only himself.
Do not you, like a fish, O lord of bipeds, make this entire country empty."
Not having obtained the rose-apple slice, he died at its elimination.
Not having obtained human flesh, methinks I will give up life."
You do not deserve, dear son, to eat what ought not to be eaten."
I will go there, where I shall obtain such as this.
Whose sight of me you do not delight in, brahmin."
And you, wretch, perish, where you have gone may we not hear of that."
They will banish you from the kingdom, just as the young man addicted to drink."
While desiring a nymph, he neither ate nor drank.
Thus are human sensual pleasures, in the presence of divine pleasures.
Not having obtained human flesh, methinks I will give up life."
By eating their own kind, all went to destruction.
You ate what ought not to be eaten, O king, therefore they banish you."
Not standing, you prattle 'I am standing,' O practitioner of the holy life;
Is this befitting an ascetic, and do you think my sword is a heron's feather?"
A thief in the world they call unestablished, bound for the realm of misery, doomed to Niraya Hell, having passed away from here.
Having sacrificed a sacrifice with him, thus you will go to heaven."
Tell me this matter, brahmin, what do you wish? I give you today what you desire."
I have come here for your very purpose, hear the verses connected with the ultimate reality."
For this is the supreme support for people, that the wise become dispellers of sorrow.
What indeed do you grieve for, Sutasoma? O foremost of the Korabyas, let me hear this word of yours."
But the teaching of the virtuous practised of old, that pledge to the brahmin I regret.
Having given that pledge to the brahmin, guarding the truth, I shall return again."
Would return again to the hand of an enemy, O foremost of the Korabyas, for he would not approach me.
Having obtained sweet, dear life, O king, whence will you come to my presence?"
For that does not protect a man from unfortunate realms, for whose sake one would speak falsehood.
And all the rivers were to flow against the stream, still I would not speak falsely, O king.
Though the rock Meru should fly up with its roots, still I would not speak falsely, O king."
Released by you, having become free of debt, guarding the truth, I shall return again."
Having given that pledge to the brahmin, guarding the truth, return again."
Having given that pledge to the brahmin, guarding the truth, I shall return again."
"Let me hear the verses worthy of the good, which heard by me may be for my welfare, O Brahmin."
That association protects one, not frequent meeting with the unvirtuous.
Having understood the Good Teaching of the virtuous, one becomes better, not worse.
But the teaching of the virtuous does not approach ageing, the virtuous indeed declare this among the virtuous."
Farther than that, indeed, they say, is the principle of the good and the bad, O king."
Four thousand, quickly take them, brahmin."
Know for yourself, Sutasoma, what verse is there by name worth a thousand?"
I, like the great ocean with rivers, am not satisfied with well-spoken words, dear son.
Thus too the wise, O foremost king, having heard, are not satisfied with well-spoken words.
That very thing I attentively listen to, for there is no satisfaction in me with teachings, dear son."
Why do you abuse me because of sensual pleasure? I go to the presence of the man-eater."
Horse riders and those who are archers - let us deploy the army, let us slay the enemy."
Remembering such a former service, how could I betray him, O lord of men?"
A speaker of truth, guarding the truth, he went to where the man-eater was."
Having given that pledge to the brahmin, guarding the truth, I have returned again;
Perform the sacrifice, devour me, O man-eater."
When smokeless, cooked and well-done, let me hear the verses worthy of the good."
And these verses assert the Teaching, where do the Teaching and what is not the Teaching meet?
There is no truth, whence the Teaching? What will you do with learning?"
Both of them, after death, become equal, why do you call me unrighteous?"
You ate what ought not to be eaten, O king, therefore you are not righteous."
You have come again to the hand of an enemy, you are not skilled in the principles of the warrior class, O king."
Therefore I, having abandoned the principles of the warrior class, guarding the truth, have returned again;
Perform the sacrifice, devour me, O man-eater."
All this you obtain there as master, what benefit do you see in truth?"
Ascetics and brahmins established in truth, cross to the far shore of birth and death."
You have come again to the hand of an enemy, surely you have no fear of death, O lord of men;
You are of active mind, a speaker of truth."
The path to the world beyond has been purified, established in the Dhamma, who would fear death?
Without remorse I shall go to the world beyond, perform the sacrifice, eat me, O man-eater.
The path to the world beyond has been purified, established in the Dhamma, who would fear death?
Without remorse I shall go to the world beyond, perform the sacrifice, eat me, O man-eater.
The path to the world beyond has been purified, established in the Dhamma, who would fear death?
Without remorse I shall go to the world beyond, perform the sacrifice, eat me, O man-eater.
The path to the world beyond has been purified, established in the Dhamma, who would fear death?
Without remorse I shall go to the world beyond, perform the sacrifice, eat me, O man-eater."
His head would split into seven pieces, whoever would not accept such a speaker of truth."
Even having heard the verses, my mind delights in the Teaching."
That association protects one, not frequent meeting with the unvirtuous.
Having understood the Good Teaching of the virtuous, one becomes better, not worse.
But the teaching of the virtuous does not approach ageing, the virtuous indeed declare this among the virtuous."
Farther than that, indeed, they say, is the principle of the good and the bad, O king."
Joyful, pleased, glad at heart, delighted, I give you, my dear, four boons."
Greedy for flavour, devoted to misconduct, what boon will you give, O one of bad character?
This quarrel and contention visible here and now, what wise person, knowing, would go forth to it?"
Choose, my dear, unshaken, even giving up life, I will indeed give."
May he see him healthy for a hundred years, this is the first of boons I choose."
May you see me healthy for a hundred years, this is the first of boons I give."
Such lords of the earth he did not devour, this is the second of boons I choose."
I do not give such lords of the earth, this is the second of boons I grant."
Restore them to their own realm, this is the third of boons I choose."
I restore them to their own realm, this is the third of boons I grant."
Refrain from human flesh, O king, this is the fourth of boons I choose."
How then could I desist from this? Choose another, a fourth of boons."
Self is better, and the supreme is better, dear things can be obtained later by one whose purpose has been gathered."
I am not able to be prevented, choose another boon, my dear."
Like a drunkard having drunk a beverage mixed with poison, by that very deed he becomes afflicted in the hereafter.
Like one afflicted having drunk medicines, by that very deed he becomes happy in the hereafter."
Because of this I have entered the forest, how then could I give you that boon?"
'Choose, my dear,' thus you said to me, thus you spoke, but it does not agree with you."
Because of human flesh I have approached, how then could I give you that boon?
Choose, my dear, unshaken, even giving up life, I will indeed give."
Having given a boon, quickly fulfil it, by this be accomplished, O foremost king of gods.
Limb, wealth, and even all of life, a man should abandon, remembering the teaching."
He is indeed his refuge and ultimate goal, a wise one should not let friendship towards him decay.
And if you request me for this matter, this boon too I give to you, my dear.
You too, my dear, do my word, having gone, let us both set free."
I too, my dear, do your word, having gone, let us both set free."
Never be treacherous to this king, promise me a truthful acknowledgment."
We will never be treacherous to this king, we promise you a truthful acknowledgment."
Just so may this king be to you, and may you be to him just as sons."
Just so may this king be to us, and we too shall be to him just as sons."
Having consumed it like ambrosia as Inda does, having left it, how can you alone delight in the forest?"
They delighted you like Indra among the gods, having left them, how can you alone delight in the forest?"
Having slept happily in the middle of the bed, having left it, how can you alone delight in the forest?"
Much fine singing and fine music, having left it, how can you alone delight in the forest?"
Equipped with horses, elephants, and chariots, having left it, how can you alone delight in the forest?"
Like the dark fortnight, O king, is the meeting with the bad.
I did an evil action, by which I go to an unfortunate realm.
Like the bright fortnight, O king, is the meeting of the good.
I will do wholesome action, by which I go to a good destination.
Even so is the meeting of the bad, not enduring the journey, like water on dry ground.
Thus indeed is the meeting of the good, long-lasting like water in a lake.
But quickly indeed the meeting of the bad disappears, therefore the principle of the good is far from the unvirtuous."
She is not a wife who does not fear her husband, they are not sons who do not support the aged.
Having abandoned lust and hate and delusion, those speaking the Teaching indeed become peaceful ones.
But they know one speaking, teaching the Deathless state.
The sages have well-spoken words as their banner, for the Teaching is the banner of the sages."
The Great Sutasoma Birth Story is fifth.
The Eighty Section is concluded.
Its summary:
The one named Lord of Birds Kuṇāla, and the one named Sutasoma the Excellent and Supreme.