Difficult to approach, of risen radiance, the sage highest in all the world.

Seeking the welfare of all beings, he freed many from bondage.

In the city of Sudassana, set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

There was the first full realisation for a hundred thousand koṭis.

For ninety thousand crores, there was the second full realisation.

For eighty thousand crores, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Then a hundred koṭis of monks who had eliminated the mental corruptions met together.

Then the second meeting was of ninety koṭis.

Then there was the third meeting of eighty koṭis.

Eighty crores of wealth, accumulated in my house.

I went for refuge to him, and I delighted in the going forth.

"In thirty thousand cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

Having gone to the perfection of direct knowledges, I went to the Brahma world.

The mother was named Sudattā, of Sumedha, the great sage.

Sucanda, Kañcana, and Sirivaḍḍha, three excellent mansions.

Sumanā was the name of that woman, Punabbasu was her son.

For no less than a fortnight, the Conqueror strove in striving.

The great hero turned the wheel, in the excellent Sudassana park.

Sāgara by name was the attendant of Sumedha, the great sage.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the great ironwood tree.

Yasodharā and Sirimā were the chief female attendants.

He illuminates all directions, as the moon the host of stars.

So too his jewel pervades a yojana all around.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

This was crowded with Worthy Ones, good ones.

Having shown the light of knowledge, those of great fame were quenched.

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

With a lion's jaw and bull's shoulders, immeasurable, difficult to approach.

Thus shines the Perfectly Enlightened One, blazing with splendour always.

In the city of Sumaṅgala, set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

Eighty crores fully realised, at the first exposition of the Teaching.

For thirty-seven hundred thousand, there was the second full realisation.

For sixty hundred thousand, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Sixty hundred thousand, they first gathered together.

The second meeting was of fifty hundred thousand.

With four hundred thousand, he approached the Perfectly Enlightened One.

One who moves through the sky I was, a universal monarch of great power.

Having approached, he paid homage to Sujāta, the leader of the world.

Having given over to the Buddha, I went forth in his presence.

Bring to the Community of monks, requisites and lodgings.

"In thirty thousand cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon a fierce ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

Having gone to the perfection of direct knowledge, I went to the Brahma world.

His mother was named Pabhāvatī, of the well-born great sage.

Sirī, Upasirī, and Nanda, three excellent mansions.

Sirinandā was the name of that woman, Upasena was her son.

For no less than nine months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the excellent Sumaṅgala park.

Nārada was the attendant of the great sage Sujāta.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the great bamboo.

The bamboo is straight, lofty, beautiful to behold, delightful.

Just as a well-bound peacock-tail fan, thus that tree shines.

With widespread branches, dense, giving thick shade, delightful.

Subhaddā and Padumā were the chief female attendants.

Endowed with all excellent qualities, having attained all virtues.

Immeasurable, incomparable, without comparison by similes.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Thus then the Scriptures, adorned by Worthy Ones.

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Right there is his shrine, raised up three leagues.

Difficult to approach, equal to the matchless, Piyadassī of great fame.

Having destroyed all darkness, he set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

There was the first full realisation for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Dispelling his view, the Teacher expounded the Teaching.

For ninety thousand crores, there was the second full realisation.

For eighty thousand crores, there was the third full realisation.

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

At the third assembly, there were eighty crores.

A reciter, a bearer of sacred texts, one who has gone beyond the three Vedas.

With a hundred thousand koṭis, I had a monastery built for the Community.

I firmly undertook the refuges and the five precepts.

"In eighteen hundred cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Candā was the name of the mother, of the Teacher Piyadassī.

Sunimmala, Vimala, and Giriguhā, three excellent mansions.

Vimalā was the name of that woman, and Kañcanāveḷa was her son.

For six months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the delightful Usabha park.

Sobhita by name was the attendant of the Teacher Piyadassī.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the kakudha tree.

Visākhā and Dhammadinnā were the chief female attendants.

Eighty cubits in height, he appears like a king of sal trees.

As was the radiance of that matchless great sage.

For ninety thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, three yojanas in height.

Having dispelled the great darkness, attained the highest enlightenment.

He satisfied the world with the deathless, the ten-thousandfold world with its gods.

There was the first full realisation for a hundred thousand koṭis.

For a hundred thousand koṭis, there was the second full realisation.

For a hundred thousand koṭis, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The second meeting was of eighty-eight thousand.

Liberated by non-clinging, spotless great sages.

Susīma by name, considered the best on earth.

Having brought them from the world of the gods, I honoured the Perfectly Enlightened One.

"In eighteen hundred cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The mother was named Sudassanā, of the Teacher Atthadassī.

Amaragiri, Sugiri, and Vāhana, three excellent mansions.

Visākhā was the name of that woman, and Sela was her son.

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

The great hero turned the wheel, at Anoma park, the lord of men.

Abhaya was the attendant of the Teacher Atthadassī.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the champak tree.

Makilā and Sunandā were the chief female attendants.

Shines like a king of sal trees, like the king of stars when full.

Above, below, the ten directions, always pervade a yojana.

For a hundred thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

He too attained impermanence, like a fire with the elimination of fuel.

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

Having dispelled the darkness of ignorance, outshines the world with its gods.

There was the first full realisation for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Then for ninety koṭis, there was the second full realisation.

Then for eighty koṭis, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

Then too, the second meeting was of a hundred koṭis.

Then there was the third meeting of eighty koṭis.

With divine scents and garlands, and with music I honoured him.

"In eighteen hundred cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The mother was named Sunandā, of the Teacher Dhammadassī.

Araja, Viraja, and Sudassana, three excellent mansions.

Vicikoḷi was the name of that woman, Puññavaḍḍhana was her son.

For seven days the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Sunetta by name was the attendant of the Teacher Dhammadassī.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the bimbijāla.

Sāḷiyā and Kaḷiyā were the chief female attendants.

Outshines with his radiance, in the ten-thousand-fold world system.

Like the midday sun, thus he appeared beautiful.

For a hundred thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

He passed away like the moon from the sky, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up three yojanas.

Having dispelled all darkness, like the sun that has risen.

Rained down with the Teaching-cloud, extinguishing the world including the gods.

There was the first full realisation for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Then for ninety koṭis, there was the second full realisation.

Then for ninety koṭis, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

These were the three occasions, at the assembly of the spotless ones.

Of risen radiance, difficult to overcome, concentrated with the power of direct knowledge.

The Perfectly Enlightened One, having received, spoke these words.

Ninety-four cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The mother was named Suphassā, of the great sage Siddhattha.

Koka, Uppala, and Kokanada, three excellent mansions.

Somanassā was the name of that woman, Anupama was her son.

For no less than ten months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Revata by name was the attendant of the great sage Siddhattha.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the kaṇikāra tree.

Rammā and Surammā were the chief female attendants.

Resembling the radiance of gold, the ten-thousand world-system shines brightly.

For a hundred thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

Having delighted through attainments, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up four yojanas.

Of infinite power, of immeasurable fame, Tissa, the chief leader of the world.

The compassionate great hero, the one with vision, arose in the world.

Having gone to perfection in all respects, he set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

Hundreds of koṭis fully realised, at the first exposition of the Teaching.

He released beings from bondage, men and deities, then.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The second meeting was of ninety hundred thousand.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, fully blown with liberation.

Having abandoned great wealth, I went forth in the seer's going forth.

Having heard the sound "Buddha," rapture arose in me.

Having held up with both hands, shaking them, I approached.

Having taken a flower, I held it on the head of that Conqueror.

"Ninety-two cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Padumā was the name of the mother of Tissa, the great sage.

Guhāsela, Nārisaya, and Nisabha, three excellent mansions.

Subhaddā was the name of that woman, Ānanda was the name of her son.

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the excellent Yasavatī.

Samaṅga was the name of the attendant of Tissa, the great sage.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the Asana tree.

Kisāgotamī and Upasenā were the chief female attendants.

Incomparable, matchless, he appears like the Himalaya.

For a hundred thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

Having blazed like a great mass of fire, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Like darkness by a lamp, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, three yojanas in height.

Incomparable, equal to the matchless, Phussa, the chief leader of the world.

Satisfying the world including the gods, he rained down with the water of the Deathless.

There was the first full realisation for a hundred thousand koṭis.

For eighty hundred thousand, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The second meeting was of fifty hundred thousand.

Liberated by non-clinging, with rebirth-linking cut off.

Having abandoned the great kingdom, I went forth in his presence.

"Ninety-two cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

Having gone to the perfection of direct knowledges, I went to the Brahma world.

The mother was named Sirimā, of the great sage Phussa too.

Garuḷapakkha, Haṃsa, and Suvaṇṇabhārā, three excellent mansions.

Kisāgotamī was the name of that woman, Anūpama was her son.

For six months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Sabhiya by name was the attendant of the great sage Phussa too.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the gallnut tree.

Padumā and Nāgā were the chief female attendants.

Shines like the sun, like the king of stars when full.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

That Teacher too, of incomparable fame, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

The one with vision named Vipassī by name arose in the world.

To set in motion the wheel of the Teaching, he departed for the city of Bandhumatī.

The first full realisation was not to be told by counting.

For eighty-four thousand, there was the second full realisation.

To those who had reached the park, the one with vision expounded the Teaching.

They too, having gone to the excellent Teaching, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The second meeting was of a hundred thousand monks.

There, in the midst of the group of monks, the Perfectly Enlightened One outshines.

Atula by name, possessing merit, resplendent.

Playing divine musical instruments, I approached the elder of the world.

Inlaid with gems, pearls and jewels, adorned with all ornaments;

"Ninety-one cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

Having striven in striving, having performed austerities.

Having taken up the milk-rice there, he will approach the Nerañjarā.

By the prepared excellent path, he will approach the foot of the Bodhi tree.

At the root of the holy fig tree, the one of great fame will awaken to the highest enlightenment.

His father will be named Suddhodana, this one will be Gotama.

Kolita and Upatissa will be the chief disciples;

Ānanda by name will be the attendant, he will attend upon this Conqueror.

Without mental corruptions, without lust, with peaceful minds, concentrated;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the holy fig tree.

Nanda's mother and Uttarā will be the chief female attendants;

The life span of that famous Gotama will be a hundred years."

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

His mother was named Bandhumatī, of Vipassī, the great sage.

Nanda, Sunanda, and Sirimā, three excellent mansions.

Sudassanā was the name of that woman, Samavattakkhandha was the name of her son.

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Asoka by name was the attendant of Vipassī, the great sage.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the trumpet-flower tree.

Sirimā and Uttarā were the chief female attendants.

His radiance radiates all around for seven yojanas.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

And taught the path and non-path to the remaining worldlings.

Having blazed like a great mass of fire, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up seven yojanas.

The Conqueror named Sikhī arose, matchless, without equal.

He set in motion the wheel of the Teaching, out of compassion for living beings.

There was the first full realisation for a hundred thousand koṭis.

For ninety thousand crores, there was the second full realisation.

For eighty thousand crores, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The second meeting was of eighty thousand monks.

Untainted, like a lotus grown in water.

I satisfied the Community headed by the Enlightened by himself, with food and drink.

I gave an adorned elephant vehicle to the Perfectly Enlightened One.

I filled my mind, constantly and firmly established.

"Thirty-one cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

His mother was named Pabhāvatī, of the great sage Sikhī.

Sucandaka, Giri, and Vasabha, three excellent mansions.

Sabbakāmā was the name of that woman, Atula was her son.

For eight months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Khemaṅkara by name was the attendant of the great sage Sikhī.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the white lotus tree.

Cittā and Suguttā were the chief female attendants.

Resembling the radiance of gold, bearing the thirty-two excellent characteristics.

Radiates in every direction, the radiance extending three yojanas.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having caused them to attain the secure end, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up three yojanas.

The Leader named Vessabhū by name arose in the world.

Like an elephant having cut the bond, he attained the highest enlightenment.

There was the first full realisation for eighty thousand koṭis.

For seventy thousand crores, there was the second full realisation.

Men and deities assembled, in the ten-thousand world-system with its gods.

Sixty koṭis of gods and humans awakened.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The second meeting was of seventy thousand monks.

The legitimate sons of the great sage, frightened by the fear of ageing and so on.

Having invited the great hero, having given a very precious gift;

With food and drink and cloth, I venerated the Conqueror together with the Community.

Having heard the sublime Teaching, I delighted in the going forth.

Knowing the going forth to be accomplished in virtues, I went forth in the presence of the Conqueror.

Seeking omniscience, I delight in the Conqueror's Dispensation.

Joy arises in me, because of enlightenment itself.

"Thirty-one cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The mother was named Yasavatī, of Vessabhū, the great sage.

Ruci, Suruci, and Rativaḍḍhana, three excellent mansions.

Sucittā was the name of that woman, Suppabuddha was her son.

For six months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

The great hero turned the wheel, at Aruṇa's park, the highest of men.

Upasanta by name was the attendant of Vessabhū, the great sage.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the great sal tree.

Gotamī and Sirimā were the chief female attendants.

Rays emanate from his body, like fire on a mountain at night.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having established the boat of the Teaching, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

Kakusandha by name, immeasurable, difficult to approach.

Like a lion having broken through a cage, attained the highest enlightenment.

There was the full realisation of the teaching for forty thousand koṭis.

He awakened thirty thousand crores of gods and humans.

His full realisation of the teaching was incalculable by counting.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Of those who had attained the plane of the tamed, through the elimination of the group of enemies, the mental corruptions.

Having given no small gift to the Truth-finder, to the sons of the Conqueror.

All this that is wished for, I prepare, the choicest of the choicest.

"In this fortunate cosmic cycle, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Seeking omniscience, I went forth in his presence.

Visākhā was the name of the mother, of the Teacher Kakusandha.

The excellent, the foremost among men, of good birth, of great fame.

Kāma, Kāmavaṇṇa, and Kāmasuddhi by name, three excellent mansions.

Rocinī was the name of that woman, Uttara was the name of her son.

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Buddhija by name was the attendant of the Teacher Kakusandha.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the Sirīsa tree.

Nandā and Sunandā were the chief female attendants.

The colour of gold emanates, ten yojanas all around.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having roared like a lion's roar, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up a league into the sky.

The Conqueror named Koṇāgamana, the elder of the world, the lord of men.

Having washed away all stain, he attained the highest enlightenment.

There was the first full realisation for thirty thousand koṭis.

For twenty thousand crores, there was the second full realisation.

There the Perfectly Enlightened One dwelt, on the Paṇḍukambala stone.

For ten thousand crores, there was the third full realisation.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Of those who had overcome the floods, and broken free from death.

Accomplished with friends and colleagues, with infinite forces and vehicles.

Having invited the Community with the Conqueror, having given a gift as much as wished.

And golden slippers as well, I gave to the Teacher's disciples.

"In this fortunate cosmic cycle, this one will be a Buddha.

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Having abandoned the great kingdom, I went forth in the presence of the Conqueror.

There in that city dwelt the great family of the Perfectly Enlightened One.

The mother was named Uttarā, of the Teacher Koṇāgamana.

Tusita, Santusita, and Santuṭṭha, three excellent mansions.

Rucigattā was the name of that woman, Satthavāha was her son.

For six months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Sotthija by name was the attendant of the Teacher Koṇāgamana.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the glamorous fig tree.

Sīvalā and Sāmā were the chief female attendants.

Like gold in the mouth of a forge, thus adorned with rays.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having made a garland-ball of Teaching-flowers, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

Kassapa by clan, the king of righteousness, the light-bringer.

Having given gifts to beggars, having fulfilled the mind;

Like a bull having broken through the pen, attained the highest enlightenment.

There was the first full realisation for twenty thousand koṭis.

For ten thousand crores, there was the second full realisation.

For five thousand crores, there was the third full realisation.

The Conqueror awakened thirty billion gods.

The full realisations of those are incalculable by counting.

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Of those who had gone beyond existence, such ones with shame and morality.

A reciter, a bearer of sacred texts, one who has gone beyond the three Vedas.

Skilled in earth and sky, accomplished in knowledge, without deficiency.

Respectful, deferential, he attained final Nibbāna at the third fruit.

Having heard his teaching, I went forth in his presence.

Nowhere do I decline, I fulfilled the Conqueror's Dispensation.

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

"In this fortunate cosmic cycle, this one will be a Buddha.

Having striven in striving, having performed austerities.

Having taken up the milk-rice there, he will approach the Nerañjarā.

By the prepared excellent path, he will approach the foot of the Bodhi tree.

At the unconquered place, on the excellent seat of enlightenment;

Having sat down cross-legged, the one of great fame will awaken.

His father will be named Suddhodana, this one will be Gotama.

Kolita and Upatissa will be the chief disciples;

Without mental corruptions, with peaceful minds, without lust, concentrated;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the holy fig tree.

Nanda's mother and Uttarā will be the chief female attendants."

Rejoicing, men and deities said: "This one is indeed a Buddha-seed."

With joined palms they pay homage, the ten-thousand world-system together with the gods.

In the future time, we shall be face to face with him."

Having taken a lower ford, they cross over the great river.

In the future time, we shall be face to face with him."

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

And difficult deeds were done by me, because of enlightenment itself.

There in that city dwelt the great family of the Perfectly Enlightened One.

Dhanavatī by name was the mother, of Kassapa the great sage.

Haṃsa, Yasa, and Sirinanda, three excellent mansions.

Sunandā was the name of that woman, Vijitasena was her son.

For seven days the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Sabbamitto by name was the attendant, of Kassapa the great sage.

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the banyan tree.

Vicitasenā and Bhaddā were the chief female attendants.

Like a lightning-staff in the sky, like the moon surrounded by a halo.

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having put on the cloth of the Teaching, having distributed the garland of the Teaching.

Let those aspiring for Nibbāna see my adornment.

Having wrapped in the leather of the Teaching, having given the highest armour.

Having given the excellent sword of the Teaching, for crushing the association with defilements through morality.

Having given the adornment of the six higher knowledges, the ornament of Teaching flowers.

Having created the flower of fearlessness, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

For he is the jewel of the Teaching, well proclaimed, inviting one to come and see.

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, one yojana in height.

Having striven in striving, I attained the highest enlightenment.

There was the first full realisation for eighteen koṭis.

The second full realisation was not to be told by counting.

The third full realisation was not to be told by counting.

A meeting of one thousand two hundred and fifty monks.

I give all that is wished for, like a gem that grants all desires.

I make known the four truths, out of compassion for living beings.

The full realisations of one or two are incalculable by counting.

Here the Dispensation of the Sage of the Sakyans was well purified by me.

Monks, many hundreds, all surround me always.

Trainees who have not attained their goal, those monks are censured by the wise.

The mindful ones, gone into the stream of saṃsāra, will understand.

My mother who gave me birth is called Queen Māyā.

Ramma, Suramma, and Subhaka, three excellent mansions.

Bhaddakañcanā was the name of that woman, Rāhula was her son.

For six years I practised the striving conduct, hard to do.

I am the Gotama, the Self-awakened One, the refuge of all living beings.

Ānanda by name was the attendant, one who kept near to me;

Nanda's mother and Uttarā, the chief female attendant lay followers.

The halo always around me, risen up to sixteen cubits.

Remaining for that long, I help many people to cross over.

I too, before long, together with the Community of disciples;

Right here I shall attain final Nibbāna, like a fire through the exhaustion of fuel.

And this body bearing virtues, adorned with the thirty-two excellent characteristics.

All that will disappear, are not all activities empty?

Taṇhaṅkara, Medhaṅkara, and also Saraṇaṅkara;

And the Perfectly Enlightened One Dīpaṅkara - those Conquerors were in one cosmic cycle.

Alone in one cosmic cycle, he helped many people to cross.

The aeons between these are incalculable by counting.

The aeons between them are incalculable by counting.

They too were Buddhas in one cosmic cycle, those with vision, light-bringers.

The aeons between them are incalculable by counting.

They too were Buddhas in one cosmic cycle, sages who made an end of darkness.

Arisen in one cosmic cycle, he helped many people to cross.

The aeons between them are incalculable by counting.

Padumuttara, knower of the world, the receiver of oblations.

Sumedha and Sujāta, before Padumuttara.

Piyadassī, Atthadassī, and Dhammadassī were the masters.

Those Buddhas were in one cosmic cycle, matchless in the world.

He was Siddhattha, knower of the world, the unsurpassed surgeon.

Tissa and Phussa, the Enlightened by themselves, matchless, without equal.

He too, the compassionate Buddha, freed beings from bondage.

Sikhī and Vessabhū, matchless, without equal.

Kakusandha, Koṇāgamana, and Kassapa too, the Leader.

These five Buddhas, the wise ones, have compassion for the world.

Having proclaimed that path, they were quenched together with their disciples.

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

One in Kapilavatthu, and one in Allakappa.

One among the Mallas of Pāvā, and one among the Mallas of Kusinārā.

The Moriyas, with satisfied minds, caused a monument to be built for the embers.

The embers stupa the tenth, established at that very time.

These seven are unbroken, the remaining relics are as if broken.

The small ones are the size of mustard seeds, and the relics are of various colours.

The small ones are bud-coloured, and they measure sixteen doṇas of clay.

And six small measures too, these are all the relics.

And the right eye in Ceylon, all these are established.

One in the domain of Gandhāra, one of the king of Kaliṅga.

The gods carried away each one, to a succession of world-systems.

The inner robe at the family house, the bed-sheet at the city called Kapila.

In Campā a water-cloth, and woollen cloth in Kosala.

The sitting cloth among the Avantis, and the bed-sheet in the realm then.

An adze and a needle-case too, in the city of Indapatta then.

Used by the sage, people made then.

Out of compassion for living beings, it was ancient at that time.