9.
The Discourse on the Training Rule
99.
"Monks, there are these four persons existing and found in the world.
Which four?
One practising for personal welfare but not for the welfare of others, one practising for the welfare of others but not for personal welfare, one practising neither for personal welfare nor for the welfare of others, one practising both for personal welfare and for the welfare of others.
And how, monks, is a person practising for personal welfare but not for the welfare of others? Here, monks, a certain person himself abstains from killing living beings, but does not encourage others to abstain from killing living beings; he himself abstains from taking what is not given, but does not encourage others to abstain from taking what is not given; he himself abstains from sexual misconduct, but does not encourage others to abstain from sexual misconduct; he himself abstains from lying, but does not encourage others to abstain from lying; he himself abstains from spirits, liquor and intoxicants that cause negligence, but does not encourage others to abstain from spirits, liquor and intoxicants that cause negligence. Thus, monks, a person is practising for personal welfare but not for the welfare of others.
And how, monks, is a person practising for the welfare of others but not for personal welfare? Here, monks, a certain person himself does not abstain from killing living beings, but encourages others to abstain from killing living beings; he himself does not abstain from taking what is not given, but encourages others to abstain from taking what is not given; he himself does not abstain from sexual misconduct, but encourages others to abstain from sexual misconduct; he himself does not abstain from lying, but encourages others to abstain from lying; he himself does not abstain from spirits, liquor and intoxicants that cause negligence, but encourages others to abstain from spirits, liquor and intoxicants that cause negligence. Thus, monks, a person is practising for the welfare of others but not for personal welfare.
And how, monks, is a person practising neither for personal welfare nor for the welfare of others? Here, monks, a certain person himself does not abstain from killing living beings, nor does he encourage others to abstain from killing living beings... etc. he himself does not abstain from spirits, liquor and intoxicants that cause negligence, nor does he encourage others to abstain from spirits, liquor and intoxicants that cause negligence. Thus, monks, a person is practising neither for personal welfare nor for the welfare of others.
And how, monks, is a person practising both for personal welfare and for the welfare of others? Here, monks, a certain person himself abstains from killing living beings, and also encourages others to abstain from killing living beings... etc. he himself abstains from spirits, liquor and intoxicants that cause negligence, and also encourages others to abstain from spirits, liquor and intoxicants that cause negligence. Thus, monks, a person is practising both for personal welfare and for the welfare of others. These, monks, are the four persons existing and found in the world." The ninth.