4.
The Discourse at Sāmugiya
194.
On one occasion the Venerable Ānanda was dwelling among the Koliyans, where there was a market town of the Koliyans named Sāmuga.
Then several Koliyan sons from Sāmuga approached the Venerable Ānanda;
having approached, they paid respect to the Venerable Ānanda and sat down to one side.
To those Koliyan sons from Sāmuga seated to one side, the Venerable Ānanda said this -
"There are, Byagghapajjas, these four factors for striving for purity that have been rightly taught by that Blessed One, who knows and sees, the Worthy One, the Perfectly Enlightened One, for the purification of beings, for the transcendence of sorrow and lamentation, for the passing away of pain and displeasure, for the achievement of the true method, for the realisation of Nibbāna. What are the four? The factor for striving for purity of morality, the factor for striving for purity of mind, the factor for striving for purity of view, the factor for striving for purity of liberation.
"And what, Byagghapajjas, is the factor for striving for purity of morality? Here, Byagghapajjas, a monk is virtuous, etc. having accepted the training rules he trains in them. This is called, Byagghapajjas, purity of morality. Thus: 'I shall fulfil the incomplete purity of morality of such a kind, or I shall support with wisdom here and there the complete purity of morality' - whatever desire and effort and endeavour and enthusiasm and unremitting and mindfulness and full awareness there is therein, this is called, Byagghapajjas, the factor for striving for purity of morality.
"And what, Byagghapajjas, is the factor for striving for purity of mind? Here, Byagghapajjas, a monk, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, etc. he enters and dwells in the fourth meditative absorption. This is called, Byagghapajjas, purity of mind. Thus: 'I shall fulfil the incomplete purity of mind of such a kind, or I shall support with wisdom here and there the complete purity of mind' - whatever desire and effort and endeavour and enthusiasm and unremitting and mindfulness and full awareness there is therein, this is called, Byagghapajjas, the factor for striving for purity of mind.
"And what, Byagghapajjas, is the factor for striving for purity of view? Here, Byagghapajjas, a monk understands as it really is: 'This is suffering', etc. he understands as it really is: 'This is the practice leading to the cessation of suffering.' This is called, Byagghapajjas, purity of view. Thus: 'I shall fulfil the incomplete purity of view of such a kind', etc. 'I shall support with wisdom here and there' - whatever desire and effort and endeavour and enthusiasm and unremitting and mindfulness and full awareness there is therein, this is called, Byagghapajjas, the factor for striving for purity of view.
"And what, Byagghapajjas, is the factor for striving for purity of liberation? That noble disciple, Byagghapajjas, endowed with this factor for striving for purity of morality, endowed with this factor for striving for purity of mind, endowed with this factor for striving for purity of view, makes the mind dispassionate towards enticing mental states, liberates the mind regarding mental states to be liberated from. He, having made the mind dispassionate towards enticing mental states, having liberated the mind regarding mental states to be liberated from, touches right liberation. This is called, Byagghapajjas, purity of liberation. Thus: 'I shall fulfil the incomplete purity of liberation of such a kind, or I shall support with wisdom here and there the complete purity of liberation' - whatever desire and effort and endeavour and enthusiasm and unremitting and mindfulness and full awareness there is therein, this is called, Byagghapajjas, the factor for striving for purity of liberation.
"These, Byagghapajjas, are the four factors for striving for purity that have been rightly taught by that Blessed One, who knows and sees, the Worthy One, the Perfectly Enlightened One, for the purification of beings, for the transcendence of sorrow and lamentation, for the passing away of pain and displeasure, for the achievement of the true method, for the realisation of Nibbāna." The fourth.