Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa
Khuddakanikāye
Peṭakopadesapāḷi
1.
Ariyasaccappakāsanapaṭhamabhūmi
Namo sammāsambuddhānaṃ paramatthadassīnaṃ
Sīlādiguṇapāramippattānaṃ.
1. Duve hetū duve paccayā sāvakassa sammādiṭṭhiyā uppādāya - parato ca ghoso saccānusandhi, ajjhattañca yoniso manasikāro. Tattha katamo parato ghoso? Yā parato desanā ovādo anusāsanī saccakathā saccānulomo. Cattāri saccāni - dukkhaṃ samudayo nirodho maggo. Imesaṃ catunnaṃ saccānaṃ yā desanā sandassanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkiriyā pakāsanā - ayaṃ vuccati saccānulomo ghosoti.
2. Tattha katamo ajjhattaṃ yoniso manasikāro?
Ajjhattaṃ yoniso manasikāro nāma yo yathādesite dhamme bahiddhā ārammaṇaṃ anabhinīharitvā yoniso manasikāro - ayaṃ vuccati yoniso manasikāro.
Taṃākāro yoniso dvāro vidhi upāyo. Yathā puriso sukkhe kaṭṭhe vigatasnehe sukkhāya uttarāraṇiyā thale abhimanthamānaṃ bhabbo jotissa adhigamāya. Taṃ kissa hetu. Yoniso aggissa adhigamāya. Evamevassa yamidaṃ dukkhasamudayanirodhamaggānaṃ aviparītadhammadesanaṃ manasikaroti - ayaṃ vuccati yoniso manasikāro.
Yathā tisso upamā pubbe assutā ca assutapubbā ca paṭibhanti. Yo hi koci kāmesu avītarāgoti...pe... duve upamā ayoniso kātabbā pacchimesu vuttaṃ. Tattha yo ca parato ghoso yo ca ajjhattaṃ yoniso manasikāro - ime dve paccayā. Parato ghosena yā uppajjati paññā - ayaṃ vuccati sutamayī paññā. Yā ajjhattaṃ yoniso manasikārena uppajjati paññā - ayaṃ vuccati cintāmayī paññāti. Imā dve paññā veditabbā. Purimakā ca dve paccayā. Ime dve hetū dve paccayā sāvakassa sammādiṭṭhiyā uppādāya.
3. Tattha parato ghosassa saccānusandhissa desitassa atthaṃ avijānanto atthappaṭisaṃvedī bhavissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Na ca atthappaṭisaṃvedī yoniso manasikarissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Parato ghosassa saccānusandhissa desitassa atthaṃ vijānanto atthappaṭisaṃvedī bhavissatīti ṭhānametaṃ vijjati. Atthappaṭisaṃvedī ca yoniso manasikarissatīti ṭhānametaṃ vijjati. Esa hetu etaṃ ārammaṇaṃ eso upāyo sāvakassa niyyānassa, natthañño. Soyaṃ na ca suttassa atthavijānanāya saha yutto nāpi ghosānuyogena parato ghosassa atthaṃ avijānantena sakkā uttarimanussadhammaṃ alamariyañāṇadassanaṃ adhigantuṃ, tasmā nibbāyitukāmena sutamayena atthā pariyesitabbā. Tattha pariyesanāya ayaṃ anupubbī bhavati soḷasa hārā, pañca nayā, aṭṭhārasa mūlapadāni.
Tatthāyaṃ uddānagāthā
Aṭṭhārasamūlapadā, kaccāyanagottaniddiṭṭhā.
4. Tattha katame soḷasahārā?
Desanā vicayo yutti padaṭṭhānaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ catubyūho āvaṭṭo vibhatti parivattano vevacano paññatti otaraṇo sodhano adhiṭṭhāno parikkhāro samāropano - ime soḷasa hārā.
Tattha uddānagāthā
Catubyūho ca āvaṭṭo, vibhatti parivattano.
Adhiṭṭhāno parikkhāro, samāropano soḷaso -;
5. Tattha katame pañca nayā?
Nandiyāvaṭṭo tipukkhalo sīhavikkīḷito disālocano aṅkusoti.
Tattha uddānagāthā
Sīhavikkīḷito nāma, tatiyo hoti so nayo.
Pañcamo aṅkuso nāma, sabbe pañca nayā gatā.
6. Tattha katamāni aṭṭhārasa mūlapadāni?
Avijjā taṇhā lobho doso moho subhasaññā sukhasaññā niccasaññā attasaññā samatho vipassanā alobho adoso amoho asubhasaññā dukkhasaññā aniccasaññā anattasaññā, imāni aṭṭhārasa mūlapadāni. Tattha nava padāni akusalāni yattha sabbaṃ akusalaṃ samosarati. Nava padāni kusalāni yattha sabbaṃ kusalaṃ samosarati.
Katamāni nava padāni akusalāni yattha sabbaṃ akusalaṃ samosarati?
Avijjā yāva attasaññā, imāni nava padāni akusalāni, yattha sabbaṃ akusalaṃ samosarati.
Katamāni nava padāni kusalāni yattha sabbaṃ kusalaṃ samosarati?
Samatho yāva anattasaññā, imāni nava padāni kusalāni yattha sabbaṃ kusalaṃ samosarati. Imāni aṭṭhārasa mūlapadāni.
Tattha imā uddānagāthā
Cattāro ca vipallāsā, kilesabhūmi nava padāni.
Etaṃ sabbaṃ kusalaṃ, indriyabhūmi navapadāni.
Ekake nava mūlapadāni, ubhayato aṭṭhārasa mūlapadāni.
Imesaṃ aṭṭhārasannaṃ mūlapadānaṃ yāni nava padāni akusalāni, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo; yāni nava padāni kusalāni, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā. Iti samudayassa dukkhaṃ phalaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya nirodhaṃ phalaṃ. Imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṃ desitāni.
7. Tattha dukkhassa ariyasaccassa aparimāṇāni akkharāni padāni byañjanāni ākārāni niruttiyo niddesā desitā etassevatthassa saṅkāsanāya pakāsanāya vivaraṇāya vibhajanāya uttānīkammatāya paññāpanāyāti yā evaṃ sabbesaṃ saccānaṃ. Iti ekamekaṃ saccaṃ aparimāṇehi akkharapadabyañjanaākāraniruttiniddesehi pariyesitabbaṃ, tañca byañjanaṃ atthaputhuttena pana attheva byañjanaputhuttena.
Yo hi koci samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya ‘‘ahaṃ idaṃ dukkhaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapessāmī’’ti tassa taṃ vācāvatthukamevassa pucchito ca na sampāyissati. Evaṃ saccāni. Yañca rattiṃ bhagavā abhisambuddho, yañca rattiṃ anupādāya parinibbuto, etthantare yaṃ kiñci bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ. Na kiñci buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ dhammadesanāya dhammacakkato bahiddhā, tassa sabbaṃ suttaṃ ariyadhammesu pariyesitabbaṃ. Tattha pariggaṇhanāya ālokasabhāni cattāri ariyasaccāni thāvarāni imāni.
Tattha katamaṃ dukkhaṃ? Jāti jarā byādhi maraṇaṃ saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā. Tatthāyaṃ lakkhaṇaniddeso, pātubhāvalakkhaṇā jāti, paripākalakkhaṇā jarā, dukkhadukkhatālakkhaṇo byādhi, cutilakkhaṇaṃ maraṇaṃ, piyavippayogavipariṇāmaparitāpanalakkhaṇo soko, lālappanalakkhaṇo paridevo, kāyasampīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ dukkhaṃ, cittasampīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ domanassaṃ, kilesaparidahanalakkhaṇo upāyāso, amanāpasamodhānalakkhaṇo appiyasampayogo, manāpavinābhāvalakkhaṇo piyavippayogo, adhippāyavivattanalakkhaṇo alābho, apariññālakkhaṇā pañcupādānakkhandhā, paripākacutilakkhaṇaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, pātubhāvacutilakkhaṇaṃ cutopapatti, paṭisandhinibbattanalakkhaṇo samudayo, samudayaparijahanalakkhaṇo nirodho, anusayasamucchedalakkhaṇo maggo. Byādhilakkhaṇaṃ dukkhaṃ, sañjānanalakkhaṇo samudayo, niyyānikalakkhaṇo maggo, santilakkhaṇo nirodho. Appaṭisandhibhāvanirodhalakkhaṇā anupādisesā nibbānadhātu, dukkhañca samudayo ca, dukkhañca nirodho ca, dukkhañca maggo ca, samudayo ca dukkhañca, samudayo ca nirodho ca, samudayo ca maggo ca, nirodho ca samudayo ca, nirodho ca dukkhañca, nirodho ca maggo ca, maggo ca nirodho ca, maggo ca samudayo ca, maggo ca dukkhañca.
8. Tatthimāni suttāni.
Abbhuṭṭhitova so yāti, sa gacchaṃ na nivattatī’’ti.
Aṭṭhimā, ānanda, dānupapattiyo ekuttarike suttaṃ - ayaṃ jāti.
Tattha katamā jarā?
Jiṇṇakoñcāva jhāyanti, khīṇamaccheva pallale.
Pañca pubbanimittāni devesu - ayaṃ jarā.
Tattha katamo byādhi?
Khattiya kammassa phalo, loko na hi kammaṃ panayati.
Tayo gilānā - ayaṃ byādhi.
Tattha katamaṃ maraṇaṃ?
Khuddakañca mahantañca, yaṃ pakkaṃ yañca āmakaṃ;
Sabbaṃ bhedanapariyantaṃ, evaṃ maccāna jīvitaṃ.
Etampi disvā amamo careyya, bhavesu āsattimakubbamāno.
Udakappanasuttaṃ - idaṃ maraṇaṃ.
Tattha katamo soko?
So socati so vihaññati, disvā kammakiliṭṭhamattano.
Tīṇi duccaritāni - ayaṃ soko.
Tattha katamo paridevo?
Dukkhūpanītā paridevayanti, kiṃsu bhavissāma ito cutāse.
Tisso vipattiyo - ayaṃ paridevo.
Tattha katamaṃ dukkhaṃ?
Jalitā jātavedāva, accisaṅghasamākulā.
Mahā vata so pariḷāho saṃyuttake suttaṃ saccasaṃyuttesu - idaṃ dukkhaṃ.
Tattha katamaṃ domanassaṃ?
Sutvā paresaṃ nigghosaṃ, maṅku hoti tathāvidho.
Dveme tapanīyā dhammā - idaṃ domanassaṃ.
Tattha katamo upāyāso?
Evaṃ ḍayhati me hadayaṃ, sutvā nibbattamambujaṃ.
Tayo aggī - ayaṃ upāyāso.
Tattha katamo appiyasampayogo?
Evaṃ atidhonacārinaṃ, sāni kammāni nayanti duggatiṃ.
Dveme tathāgataṃ abbhācikkhanti, ekuttarike suttaṃ dukesu - ayaṃ appiyasampayogo.
Tattha katamo piyavippayogo?
Evampi piyāyitaṃ janaṃ, petaṃ kālaṅkataṃ na passati.
Te devā cavanadhammaṃ viditvā tīhi vācāhi anusāsanti. Ayaṃ piyavippayogo.
Tassa ce kāmayānassa, chandajātassa jantuno;
Te kāmā parihāyanti, sallaviddhova ruppati.
Saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā.
Ete lokāmisā ghorā, yattha sattā puthujjanā.
Pañcime bhikkhave khandhā - idaṃ dukkhaṃ.
Tattha katamā jarā ca maraṇañca?
Atha vāpi akicchaṃ jīvitaṃ, atha kho so jarasāpi mīyate.
Saṃyuttake pasenadisaṃyuttake suttaṃ ayyikā me kālaṅkatā - ayaṃ jarā ca maraṇañca.
Tattha katamā cuti ca upapatti ca?
Yathākammaṃ gamissanti, attakammaphalūpagā’’ti. -
Ayaṃ cuti ca upapatti ca.
Imehi suttehi ekasadisehi ca aññehi navavidhaṃ suttaṃ taṃ anupaviṭṭhehi lakkhaṇato dukkhaṃ ñatvā sādhāraṇañca asādhāraṇañca dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ niddisitabbaṃ. Gāthāhi gāthā anuminitabbā, byākaraṇehi vā byākaraṇaṃ - idaṃ dukkhaṃ.
9. Tattha katamo dukkhasamudayo?
Na hi jātu saṃyojanasaṅgasattā, oghaṃ tareyyuṃ vipulaṃ mahantaṃ.
Cattāro āsavā suttaṃ - ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo.
Tattha katamo dukkhanirodho?
Yo vītalobho amamo nirāso,
Panuṇṇakodho abhinibbutatto;
So brāhmaṇo so samaṇo sa bhikkhu.
Dvemā vimuttiyo, rāgavirāgā ca cetovimutti; avijjāvirāgā ca paññāvimutti - ayaṃ nirodho.
Tattha katamo maggo?
Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, mārassetaṃ pamohanaṃ.
Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā - ayaṃ maggo.
Tattha katamāni cattāri ariyasaccāni?
Tesañca yo nirodho, evaṃvādī mahāsamaṇo’’ti.
Hetuppabhavā dhammā dukkhaṃ, hetusamudayo, yaṃ bhagavato vacanaṃ. Ayaṃ dhammo yo nirodho, ye hi keci saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assadānupassino viharanti. Kilesā taṇhā pavaḍḍhati, taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ...pe... evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Tattha yaṃ saṃyojanaṃ - ayaṃ samudayo. Ye saṃyojaniyā dhammā ye ca sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti - idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yā saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassanā - ayaṃ maggo. Parimuccati jātiyā jarāya byādhīhi maraṇehi sokehi paridevehi yāva upāyāsehi - idaṃ nibbānaṃ. Imāni cattāri saccāni.
Tattha katamā anupādisesā nibbānadhātu?
Sabbasaṅgānaṃ samūhatattā vidū, sitā vādasatassu sabbe.
Saṃyuttake godhikasaṃyuttaṃ.
Imāni asādhāraṇāni suttāni. Yahiṃ yahiṃ saccāni niddiṭṭhāni, tahiṃ tahiṃ saccalakkhaṇato otāretvā aparimāṇehi byañjanehi so attho pariyesitabbo. Tattha atthānuparivatti byañjanena puna byañjanānuparivatti atthena tassa ekamekassa aparimāṇāni byañjanāni imehi suttehi yathānikkhittehi cattāri ariyasaccāni niddisitabbāni. Pañcanikāye anupaviṭṭhāhi gāthāhi gāthā anuminitabbā, byākaraṇena byākaraṇaṃ. Imāni asādhāraṇāni suttāni.
Tesaṃ imā uddānagāthā
Pañca pubbanimittāni, khīṇamacchaṃva pallalaṃ.
Yathāpi kumbhakārassa, yathā nadidakappanaṃ.
Kāmesu giddhā pasutā, yāva tisso vipattiyo.
Saṅkappehi pareto so, tattha tapaniyehi ca.
Ayato malamuppannaṃ, abbhakkhānaṃ tathāgate.
Tisso ceva māradhītā, sallaviddhova ruppati.
Appaṃ vata jīvitaṃ idaṃ, ayyikā me mahallikā.
Kāmesu sattā pasutā, āsavehi catūhi ca.
Eseva maggo natthañño, bojjhaṅgā ca sudesitā.
Ye dhammā hetuppabhavā, saṃyojanānupassino.
Imā dasa tesaṃ uddānagāthā.
10. Tatthimāni sādhāraṇāni suttāni yesu suttesu sādhāraṇāni saccāni desitāni anulomampi paṭilomampi vomissakampi. Tattha ayaṃ ādi.
Vivicchā pamādā nappakāsati;
Jappābhilepanaṃ brūmi, dukkhamassa mahabbhayaṃ.
Tattha yā avijjā ca vivicchā ca, ayaṃ samudayo. Yaṃ mahabbhayaṃ, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Imāni dve saccāni - dukkhañca samudayo ca. ‘‘Saṃyojanaṃ saṃyojaniyā ca dhammā’’ti saṃyuttake cittasaṃyuttakesu byākaraṇaṃ. Tattha yaṃ saṃyojanaṃ, ayaṃ samudayo. Ye saṃyojaniyā dhammā, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Imāni dve saccāni - dukkhañca samudayo ca.
Tattha katamaṃ dukkhañca nirodho ca?
Vikkhīṇo jātisaṃsāro, natthi dāni punabbhavo.
Yaṃ cittaṃ, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yo bhavataṇhāya upacchedo, ayaṃ dukkhanirodho. Vikkhīṇo jātisaṃsāro, natthi dāni punabbhavoti niddeso. Imāni dve saccāni - dukkhañca nirodho ca. Dvemā, bhikkhave, vimuttiyo; rāgavirāgā ca cetovimutti, avijjāvirāgā ca paññāvimutti. Yaṃ cittaṃ, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yā vimutti, ayaṃ nirodho. Imāni dve saccāni - dukkhañca nirodho ca.
Tattha katamaṃ dukkhañca maggo ca?
Yodhetha māraṃ paññāvudhena, jitañca rakkhe anivesano siyā.
Tattha yañca kumbhūpamo kāyo yañca nagarūpamaṃ cittaṃ, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ paññāvudhena māraṃ yodhethāti ayaṃ maggo. Imāni dve saccāni. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahitabbaṃ. Yā saṃyojanā, ayaṃ maggo. Ye te dhammā anattaniyā pahātabbā, rūpaṃ yāva viññāṇaṃ, idaṃ dukkhañca maggo ca.
Tattha katamaṃ dukkhañca samudayo ca nirodho ca?
Piyaṃ paṭiccappabhavanti ete, piye asante na bhavanti ete.
Ye sokaparidevā, yaṃ ca anekarūpaṃ dukkhaṃ, yaṃ pemato bhavati, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ pemaṃ, ayaṃ samudayo. Yo tattha chandarāgavinayo piyassa akiriyā, ayaṃ nirodho. Imāni tīṇi saccāni. Timbaruko paribbājako pacceti ‘‘sayaṃkataṃ paraṃkata’’nti. Yathesā vīmaṃsā, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yā ete dve ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā yāva jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ, idampi dukkhañca samudayo ca. Viññāṇaṃ nāmarūpaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ phasso vedanā bhavo jāti jarāmaraṇaṃ, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Avijjā saṅkhārā taṇhā upādānaṃ, ayaṃ samudayo. Iti idaṃ sayaṃkataṃ vīmaṃseyyāti yañca paṭiccasamuppāde dukkhaṃ, idaṃ eso samudayo niddiṭṭho. Avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho ca yāva ca jarāmaraṇanirodhoti ayaṃ nirodho. Imāni tīṇi saccāni dukkhañca samudayo ca nirodho ca.
11. Tattha katamaṃ dukkhañca samudayo ca maggo ca?
Kāmā hi loke saṅgāti ñatvā, tesaṃ satīmā vinayāya sikkhe’’ti.
Yo dukkhamaddakkhi, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yato bhavati, ayaṃ samudayo. Sandiṭṭhaṃ yato bhavati yāva tassa vinayāya sikkhā, ayaṃ maggo. Imāni tīṇi saccāni.
Ekādasaṅguttaresu gopālakopamasuttaṃ.
Tattha yāva rūpasaññuttā yañca saḷāyatanaṃ yathā vaṇaṃ paṭicchādeti yañca titthaṃ yathā ca labhati dhammūpasañhitaṃ uḷāraṃ pītipāmojjaṃ catubbidhaṃ ca attabhāvato ca vatthu, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yāva āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, ayaṃ samudayo. Rūpasaññuttā āsāṭakaharaṇaṃ vaṇapaṭicchādanaṃ vīthiññutā gocarakusalañca, ayaṃ maggo. Avasesā dhammā atthi hetū atthi paccayā atthi nissayā sāvasesadohitā anekapūjā ca kalyāṇamittatappaccayā dhammā vīthiññutā ca hetu, imāni tīṇi saccāni.
Tattha katamaṃ dukkhañca maggo ca nirodho ca?
Satataṃ bhikkhu samāhito, jaññā nibbānamattano.
Tattha yā ca kāyagatā sati yañca saḷāyatanaṃ yattha sabbañcetaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yā ca kāyagatā sati yo ca sīlasaṃvaro yo ca samādhi yattha yā sati, ayaṃ paññākkhandho. Sabbampi sīlakkhandho samādhikkhandho, ayaṃ maggo. Evaṃvihārinā ñātabbaṃ nibbānaṃ. Ayaṃ nirodho, imāni tīṇi saccāni. Sīle patiṭṭhāya dve dhammā bhāvetabbā samatho ca vipassanā ca. Tattha yaṃ cittasahajātā dhammā, idaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yo ca samatho yā ca vipassanā, ayaṃ maggo. Rāgavirāgā ca cetovimutti, avijjāvirāgā ca paññāvimutti, ayaṃ nirodho. Imāni tīṇi saccāni.
Tattha katamo samudayo ca nirodho ca?
Aññāṇamūlappabhavā pajappitā, sabbā mayā byantikatā samūlikā.
Aññāṇamūlappabhavāti purimakehi samudayo. Sabbā mayā byantikatā samūlikāti nirodho. Imāni dve saccāni. Catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā vitthārena kātabbaṃ. Ariyassa sīlassa samādhino paññāya vimuttiyā. Tattha yo imesaṃ catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā, ayaṃ samudayo. Paṭivedho bhavanettiyā, ayaṃ nirodho. Ayaṃ samudayo ca nirodho ca.
Tattha katamo samudayo ca maggo ca?
Sati tesaṃ nivāraṇaṃ;
Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmi, paññāyete pidhīyare.
Yāni sotānīti ayaṃ samudayo. Yā ca paññā yā ca sati nivāraṇaṃ pidhānañca, ayaṃ maggo. Imāni dve saccāni. Sañcetaniyaṃ suttaṃ daḷhanemiyānākāro chahi māsehi niddiṭṭho. Tattha yaṃ kāyaṃ kāyakammaṃ savaṅkaṃ sadosaṃ sakasāvaṃ yā savaṅkatā sadosatā sakasāvatā, ayaṃ samudayo. Evaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammaṃ avaṅkaṃ adosaṃ akasāvaṃ, yā avaṅkatā adosatā akasāvatā, ayaṃ maggo. Evaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammaṃ. Imāni dve saccāni samudayo ca maggo ca.
Tattha katamo samudayo ca nirodho ca maggo ca?
‘‘Nissitassa calitaṃ, anissitassa calitaṃ natthi, calite asati passaddhi, passaddhiyā sati nati na hoti, natiyā asati āgatigati na hoti, āgatigatiyā asati cutūpapāto na hoti, cutūpapāte asati nevidha na huraṃ na ubhayamantarena. Esevanto dukkhassā’’ti.
Tattha dve nissayā, ayaṃ samudayo. Yo ca anissayo, yā ca anati, ayaṃ maggo. Yā āgatigati na hoti cutūpapāto ca yo esevanto dukkhassāti, ayaṃ nirodho. Imāni tīṇi saccāni. Anupaṭṭhitakāyagatā sati...pe... yaṃ vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ, ayaṃ samudayo. Ekārasaupanissayā vimuttiyo yāva upanissayaupasampadā upaṭṭhitakāyagatāsatissa viharati. Sīlasaṃvaro sosāniyo hoti, yañca vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ, ayaṃ maggo. Yā ca vimutti, ayaṃ nirodho. Imāni tīṇi saccāni. Samudayo ca nirodho ca maggo ca.
12. Tattha katamo nirodho ca maggo ca?
Vibhavañca ñatvā lokasmiṃ, tāva khīṇapunabbhavo sa bhikkhu.
Yaṃ saccena, ayaṃ maggo. Yaṃ khīṇapunabbhavo, ayaṃ nirodho. Imāni dve saccāni. Pañca vimuttāyatanāni satthā vā dhammaṃ desesi aññataro vā viññū sabrahmacārīti vitthārena kātabbā. Tassa atthappaṭisaṃvedissa pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, yāva nibbindanto virajjati, ayaṃ maggo. Yā vimutti, ayaṃ nirodho. Evaṃ pañca vimuttāyatanāni vitthārena. Imāni dve saccāni nirodho ca maggo ca.
Imāni sādhāraṇāni suttāni. Imehi sādhāraṇehi suttehi yathānikkhittehi paṭivedhato ca lakkhaṇato ca otāretvā aññāni suttāni niddisitabbāni aparihāyantena. Gāthāhi gāthā anuminitabbā, byākaraṇehi byākaraṇaṃ. Ime ca sādhāraṇā dasa parivaḍḍhakā eko ca catukko niddeso sādhāraṇo. Ayañca pakiṇṇakaniddeso. Ekaṃ pañca cha ca savekadeso sabbaṃ. Ime dve parivajjanā purimakā ca dasa. Ime dvādasa parivaḍḍhakā saccāni. Ettāvatā sabbaṃ suttaṃ natthi, taṃ byākaraṇaṃ vā gāthā viya. Imehi dvādasahi parivaḍḍhakehi na otarituṃ appamattena pariyesitvā niddisitabbā.
Tatthāyaṃ saṅkhepo. Sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ sattahi padehi samosaraṇaṃ gacchati. Katarehi sattahi? Appiyasampayogo ca piyavippayogo ca, imehi dvīhi padehi sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ niddisitabbaṃ. Tassa dve nissayā - kāyo ca cittañca. Tena vuccati ‘‘kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetasikañce’’ti, natthi taṃ dukkhaṃ na kāyikaṃ vā na cetasikaṃ, sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ dvīhi dukkhehi niddisitabbaṃ kāyikena ca cetasikena ca. Tīhi dukkhatāhi saṅgahitaṃ dukkhadukkhatāya saṅkhāradukkhatāya vipariṇāmadukkhatāya. Iti taṃ sabbaṃ dukkhaṃ tīhi dukkhatāhi saṅgahitaṃ. Iti idañca dukkhaṃ tividhaṃ. Duvidhaṃ dukkhaṃ kāyikañca cetasikañca. Duvidhaṃ appiyasampayogo ca piyavippayogo ca. Idaṃ sattavidhaṃ dukkhaṃ.
Tattha tividho samudayo acatuttho apañcamo. Katamo tividho? Taṇhā ca diṭṭhi ca kammaṃ. Tattha taṇhā ca bhavasamudayo kammaṃ. Tathā nibbattassa hīnapaṇītatā, ayaṃ samudayo. Iti yāpi bhavagatīsu hīnatā ca paṇītatā ca, yāpi tīhi dukkhatāhi saṅgahitā, yopi dvīhi mūlehi samudānīto avijjāya nivutassa bhavataṇhāsaṃyuttassa saviññāṇako kāyo, sopi tīhi dukkhatāhi saṅgahito.
Tathā vipallāsato diṭṭhibhavagantabbā. Sā sattavidhā niddisitabbā. Eko vipallāso tīṇi niddisīyati, cattāri vipallāsavatthūni. Tattha katamo eko vipallāso? Yo viparītaggāho paṭikkhepena, otaraṇaṃ yathā ‘‘anicce nicca’’miti viparītaṃ gaṇhāti. Evaṃ cattāro vipallāsā. Ayameko vipallāsīyati saññā cittaṃ diṭṭhi. Katamāni cattāri vipallāsavatthūni? Kāyo vedanā cittaṃ dhammā. Evaṃ vipallāsagatassa akusalañca pavaḍḍheti. Tattha saññāvipallāso dosaṃ akusalamūlaṃ pavaḍḍheti. Cittavipallāso lobhaṃ akusalamūlaṃ pavaḍḍheti. Diṭṭhivipallāso mohaṃ akusalamūlaṃ pavaḍḍheti. Tattha dosassa akusalamūlassa tīṇi micchattāni phalaṃ - micchāvācā micchākammanto micchāājīvo; lobhassa akusalamūlassa tīṇi micchattāni phalaṃ - micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo micchāsamādhi; mohassa akusalamūlassa dve micchattāni phalaṃ - micchādiṭṭhi ca micchāsati ca. Evaṃ akusalaṃ sahetu sappaccayaṃ vipallāsā ca paccayo, akusalamūlāni sahetū eteyeva paṭipakkhena anūnā anadhikā dvīhi paccayehi niddisitabbā. Nirodhe ca magge ca vipallāsamupādāya parato paṭipakkhena catasso.
Tatthimā uddānagāthā
Sā pacchinnabhavataṇhā, dvemā ceva vimuttiyo.
Ye keci sokaparidevā, timbaruko ca sayaṃkataṃ.
Sati kāyagatā māhu, samatho ca vipassanā.
Yāni sotāni lokasmiṃ, daḷhaṃ nemiyānākāro.
Sayaṃ katena saccena, vimuttāyatanehi ca.
Peṭakopadese mahākaccāyanena bhāsite paṭhamabhūmi ariyasaccappakāsanā nātaṃ jīvatā bhagavatā mādisena samuddanena tathāgatenāti.