In the Minor Collection

Brahmā, the lord of the world, Sahampati, with joined palms, requested the Blessed One;

"There are beings here with little dust in their eyes, teach the Dhamma, have compassion on this generation."

For the one accomplished in true knowledge and conduct, such a one, the resplendent one, bearing his final body;

For the Tathāgata, the matchless one, compassion arose towards all beings.

"These together with gods and humans do not know what kind of Buddha this highest of men is;

What kind of power of supernormal abilities and what kind of power of wisdom, what kind of Buddha's power for the welfare of the world.

"These together with gods and humans do not know what kind of Buddha this highest of men is;

What kind of power of supernormal abilities and what kind of power of wisdom, what kind of Buddha's power for the welfare of the world.

"Come, I will show the unsurpassed power of the Buddha;

I will create a walking path, adorned with jewels in the sky."

The terrestrial, the Mahārājika, the Tāvatiṃsa, the Yāma gods and the Tusita and the Nimmita;

The Paranimmita and also those belonging to the company of Brahmās, delighted, made a great sound.

And the earth together with the gods was illumined, and the many world-interstices uncovered;

And the dense darkness was then destroyed, having seen the wonderful miracle.

In the world with its gods, gandhabbas, humans, and demons, a lofty and extensive radiance arose;

In this world and the other, in both, below and above and across, spread out.

The highest of beings, the Blessed One, the great leader, the Teacher was worshipped by gods and humans;

Of great might, possessing the signs of innumerable merits, he showed a wonderful miracle.

He, the one with vision, asked by the best of gods, having considered the benefit, then the highest of men;

The leader of the world created a walking path, well finished, fashioned from all kinds of jewels.

And supernormal power, prophesy, and instruction - the Blessed One was a master in the three miracles;

The leader of the world created a walking path, well finished, fashioned from all kinds of jewels.

In the ten-thousandfold world system, upon the highest Sineru mountains;

He showed, like pillars in succession, a walking path made of jewels.

Having passed beyond the ten-thousand world-system, the Conqueror created a walking path;

With sides entirely made of gold, on the walking path made of jewels.

With matching pairs of cross-beams, covered with golden planks;

The railing entirely of gold, created on both sides.

Strewn with sand of gems and pearls, created, made of jewels;

It illuminates all directions, like the risen sun.

On that walking path, the wise one, bearing the thirty-two excellent characteristics;

Shining, the Fully Enlightened One, the Conqueror walked on the walking path.

Divine mandārava flowers, lotuses, and coral tree blossoms;

They scatter on the walking path, all the gods assembled.

The hosts of gods see him, the ten-thousand world-system delighted;

Paying homage they assemble, satisfied, joyful and delighted.

The Thirty-three and the Yāma, and the Tusita deities too;

The gods who delight in creation, those gods who wield power;

Gods, gandhabbas, humans, demons, serpents, supaṇṇas, and also kinnaras;

They see him, the compassionate one for the world's welfare, like the very high-risen disc of the moon in the sky.

The Radiant, the Beautiful, the Vehapphala, and the Akaniṭṭha deities;

Wearing very pure white garments, they stand with joined palms.

They release flowers of five colours, mandārava flowers mixed with sandalwood powder;

They wave cloths in the sky then, "Oh, the Conqueror, compassionate for the world's welfare!"

"You are the Teacher and the banner, the flag and the sacrificial post for living beings;

The ultimate goal and the support, the island and the best of bipeds.

"The deities of great supernormal power, from the ten-thousand-fold world system;

Having surrounded him, they pay homage, satisfied, joyful and delighted.

"Deities and heavenly maidens, devoted, with satisfied minds;

With five-coloured flowers, they venerate the lord of men.

"The hosts of gods see him, devoted, with satisfied minds;

With five-coloured flowers, they venerate the lord of men.

"Oh, how wonderful in the world, marvellous, hair-raising;

Never before have I seen such a marvel, hair-raising."

Having sat down in their own abodes, the deities;

They laugh a great laugh, having seen the marvel in the sky.

Those situated in the sky and those situated on the ground, dwellers in grass and on paths;

With joined palms they pay homage, satisfied, joyful and delighted.

Even those serpents who are long-lived, possessing merit, of great supernormal power;

Delighted, they pay homage, they venerate the highest among men.

They perform musical concerts, in the sky, the wind-path;

They play leather-bound drums, having seen the marvel in the sky.

Conch shells and small drums, and also many tambourines;

Are beaten in the sky, having seen the marvel in the heavens.

"Wonderful indeed for us today, terror arose;

We shall surely obtain the accomplishment of our goal, the moment has been provided to us."

Having heard "Buddha," joy arose in them at that very moment;

Saying "Buddha, Buddha," they stand with joined palms.

Sounds of "hiṅ," cheers of "well done," acclamation and rejoicing;

Various beings in the sky, with joined palms, engage in this.

They sing and shout and play music, they clap their arms and dance;

They release flowers of five colours, mandārava flowers mixed with sandalwood powder.

"Just as on your feet, O great hero, the wheel-mark,

Adorned with flag, thunderbolt, banner, crescent moon and goad.

"In form, in morality, in concentration, and in wisdom, incomparable;

In liberation, equal to the matchless, in setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

"The power of ten elephants in body, your natural power;

Matchless in supernormal power, in setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

"Thus endowed with all virtues, possessed of all qualities;

Pay homage to the great sage, the compassionate one, the lord of the world.

"Paying respect and praise, homage and commendation;

Veneration and worship, all this you deserve.

"Whoever in the world are worthy of reverence, whoever deserve homage;

O great hero, foremost of all, none equal to you is found."

"Sāriputta of great wisdom, skilled in concentration and meditative absorption;

Standing right there on the Vulture's Peak, sees the leader of the world.

Like a fully blossomed king of sal trees, like the moon in the sky;

Like the midday sun, she looked upon the lord of men.

Like a blazing lamp post, like a young sun risen;

Brightened by the fathom-wide radiance, he sees the wise one, the leader of the world.

"Of five hundred monks, such ones who had fulfilled their obligations,

Who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, he convoked in a moment.

"He displayed the miracle called 'Inspiring Confidence in the World';

We too, having gone there, will pay homage to the Conqueror."

"Come, let us all go, we will ask the Conqueror;

We will dispel doubt, having seen the leader of the world."

Having replied "Good!", prudent, with controlled faculties,

Taking their bowls and robes, they approached in haste.

With those who have eliminated the mental corruptions, with the unstained, with the tamed in the highest taming;

Sāriputta of great wisdom approached by supernormal power.

Surrounded by those monks, Sāriputta, having many followers;

Sporting like a god in the sky, approached by supernormal power.

Disregarding coughing and sneezing, the virtuous ones;

Respectful and deferential, approached the Self-enlightened One.

Having approached, they see the Self-Become One, the leader of the world;

The wise one risen high in the sky, like the moon in the heavens.

Like a blazing lamp post, like lightning in the sky;

Like the midday sun, they see the leader of the world.

All five hundred monks see the leader of the world;

Clear like a lake, like a fully blossomed lotus.

Having raised their joined palms, satisfied, joyful and delighted;

Paying homage they fall down, at the wheel-characteristic of the Teacher.

Sāriputta of great wisdom, similar to the koraṇḍa flower;

Skilled in concentration and meditative absorption, pays homage to the leader of the world.

Like a thundering dark cloud, similar in appearance to a blue water-lily;

Matchless in supernormal power, Moggallāna of great supernormal power.

And the elder Mahākassapa, resembling molten gold;

Placed foremost in the virtues of ascetic practice, praised and extolled by the Teacher.

He who is foremost among those with the divine eye, Anuruddha, having many followers;

The foremost kinsman of the Blessed One, stands not far away.

Skilled in offence and non-offence, in what is curable;

Placed foremost in the monastic discipline, Upāli was praised by the Teacher.

Having penetrated subtle and refined meaning, the most excellent among speakers, one with a following;

A sage, son of Mantāṇī, renowned by the name Puṇṇa.

Having understood the minds of these, the sage skilled in similes;

The great hero, cutter of uncertainty, spoke of his own virtues.

"Those four are incalculable, whose limit is not known;

The totality of beings and space, and world-circles are infinite;

The Buddha's knowledge is immeasurable, these cannot be understood.

"What is this wonder in the world, that is my miraculous transformation;

There are many other wonders, marvels that cause hair to stand on end.

"When I was in the Tusita realm, I was named Santusita then;

The ten-thousand world-system having assembled, they request me with joined palms.

"'The time has come for you, O great hero, having been born in your mother's womb;

Helping the world with its gods to cross over, awaken to the Deathless state.'

"Having passed away from the Tusita realm, when he descended into the womb;

The ten-thousandfold world system, the earth trembled then.

"When I came forth from my mother's womb, fully aware;

They uttered applause, the ten-thousand world-system quaked.

"In conception there is none equal to me, in birth and in going forth;

In highest enlightenment I am the best, in setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

"Oh, how wonderful in the world, the greatness of the Buddhas' virtues;

The ten-thousandfold world system quaked in six ways;

And there was a great light, a marvel, hair-raising."

The Blessed One at that time, the elder of the world, the lord of men;

Showing to the world with its gods, the Conqueror walked by supernormal power.

While walking up and down on the walking path, the leader of the world spoke;

He does not turn back midway, just as on a walking path of four cubits.

Sāriputta of great wisdom, skilled in concentration and meditative absorption;

Having attained perfection in wisdom, asks the leader of the world.

"What was your resolution like, O great hero, O best of men;

At what time, O wise one, was the highest enlightenment aspired to by you?

"What kind of giving, morality, and renunciation, what kind of wisdom and energy;

What kind of patience, truth, and determination, what kind of friendliness and equanimity.

"The ten perfections by you, O wise one, of what kind, O lord of the world;

How are the minor perfections fulfilled, how the supreme perfections?"

Asked, he explained, he whose voice is sweet like the Indian cuckoo;

Cooling the heart, gladdening the world with its gods.

What was taught by the Conquerors, the Buddhas of the past, what was enacted, come down through the lineage of Buddhas;

He made known for the welfare of the world with its gods, through higher intelligence that followed past lives.

"Generating joy and gladness, removing the dart of sorrow;

The attainment of all success, with respect listen to me.

"Crushing vanity, dispelling sorrow, liberating from the round of rebirths;

The path to the destruction of all suffering, practise it attentively."

In a hundred thousand cosmic cycles, and four incalculables;

There was a city named Amara, beautiful to behold and delightful.

Not free from ten sounds, well-supplied with food and drink;

The sound of elephants, the sound of horses, drums, conches, and chariots;

"Eat and drink," proclaimed with food and drink.

A city accomplished in all qualities, endowed with all crafts;

Endowed with the seven jewels, crowded with various people;

Prosperous like a city of the gods, an abode for those of meritorious deeds.

In the city of Amaravatī, there was a brahmin named Sumedha;

With an accumulation of many tens of millions, with abundant wealth and grain.

A reciter, a bearer of sacred texts, one who has gone beyond the three Vedas;

In the marks of a great man and in history, having reached perfection in his own teaching.

Having gone to a private place and sat down, thus I thought then;

"Rebirth is suffering indeed, and the breaking of the body.

"Subject to birth, subject to ageing, subject to disease was I then;

The ageless, the Deathless, the secure, I will seek peace.

"What if I were to abandon this putrid body, filled with various corpses;

Having discarded it, I would go, without attachment, not desirous of it.

"There is that path, it will be, it is not impossible, not without cause;

I will seek that path, for release from existence.

"Just as when suffering exists, happiness also is found;

So when existence is present, non-existence too should be desired.

"Just as when heat exists, coolness also is found;

So when the threefold fire exists, Nibbāna should be desired.

"Just as when evil exists, good also is found;

Even so when birth exists, non-birth too should be desired.

"Just as a man gone into excrement, having seen a lake filled;

Does not seek that lake, that is not the fault of the lake.

"Thus when the stain of defilements can be washed away, when the lake of the Deathless exists;

He does not seek that lake, that is not the fault of the lake of the Deathless.

"Just as one surrounded by enemies, when a path for going exists;

Does not flee, that man, that is not the fault of the road.

"Thus obstructed by defilements, when the safe path exists;

He does not seek that path, that is not the fault of the safe road.

"Just as a diseased man, when a physician is present;

Does not have that disease treated, that is not the fault of the physician.

"Thus afflicted by the diseases of defilements, oppressed;

Does not seek that teacher, that is not the fault of the Great Leader.

"Just as a man, having loathed a corpse bound to his neck;

Having released it, would go, happy, independent, self-controlled.

"Likewise this putrid body, an accumulation of various corpses;

Having discarded it, I would go, without attachment, not desirous of it.

"Just as at a place of defecation, men and women excrement;

Having discarded it, they go, without attachment, not desirous of it.

"Just so I will discard this body, filled with various corpses;

I will go, like one who, having defecated, leaves the hut.

"Just as a decrepit boat, crumbling, taking in water;

The owners, having abandoned it, go, without concern, not desirous of it.

"Just so I will discard this body, with nine openings, constantly flowing;

Having abandoned it, I will go, like owners leave a worn-out boat.

"Just as a man going with thieves, having taken goods;

Having seen the fear of goods being seized, having discarded them, he goes.

"Just so this body, like a great thief;

Having abandoned this I shall go, from fear of the cutting off of wholesome states."

Having thus reflected, many hundreds of millions in wealth;

Having given to those with protectors and the destitute, I approached the Himalayas.

Not far from the Himalayas, there is a mountain named Dhammika;

A hermitage was well made by me, a leaf-hut was well built.

There I built a walking path, free from the five faults;

Endowed with eight qualities, I brought forth the power of direct knowledge.

I abandoned the cloth there, possessed of nine faults;

I put on a bark garment, possessed of twelve virtues.

I abandoned the leaf-hut, filled with eight faults;

I approached a tree-root, possessed of ten virtues.

Grain that was sown and planted, I abandoned without remainder;

Endowed with many virtues, I took up fallen fruit.

There I strove with effort, in sitting, standing, and walking;

Within seven days, I attained the power of direct knowledge.

Thus when I had attained accomplishment, having become a master in the Dispensation;

The Conqueror named Dīpaṅkara, the leader of the world, arose.

At the arising and at the birth, at the awakening and at the teaching of the Dhamma;

I did not see the four signs, being absorbed in the delight of meditative absorption.

In the domain of the borderland, having invited the Tathāgata;

They clean the path for his coming, with satisfied minds.

I at that time, having gone forth from my own hermitage;

Shaking off my bark garments, I then go into the sky.

Having seen the people filled with joy, satisfied and happy, delighted;

Having descended from the sky, he asked the people at that very moment.

"Satisfied, joyful, greatly delighted, filled with joy, the great multitude;

For whom is the path being cleared, the straight road?"

Those, when asked by me, explained: "The Buddha, unsurpassed in the world;

The Conqueror named Dīpaṅkara, the leader of the world, arose;

For him the path is being cleared, the straight road."

Having heard the word "Buddha," rapture arose at that very moment;

Saying "Buddha, Buddha," I declared my pleasure.

Standing there I thought, satisfied, with an agitated mind;

"Here I shall plant seeds, let not the moment pass by indeed.

"If you are clearing the path for the Buddha, give me one place;

I too will clear the straight road."

They gave me permission, to cleanse the straight path then;

Thinking 'Buddha, Buddha,' I cleansed the path then.

While my place was unfinished, Dīpaṅkara, the great sage;

With four hundred thousand, possessing the six higher knowledges, such ones;

With those who have eliminated the mental corruptions, with the unstained, the Conqueror proceeded along the straight path.

Going out to meet takes place, many drums are beaten;

Rejoicing, men and deities uttered applause.

The gods see humans, and humans also see the deities;

Both of them, with joined palms, follow the Tathāgata.

The gods with divine musical instruments, and humans with human ones;

Both of them, playing music, follow the Tathāgata.

Divine mandārava flowers, lotuses, and coral tree blossoms;

The gods gone into the sky scatter them in every direction.

Divine sandalwood powder and excellent odour, the whole;

The gods gone into the sky scatter them in every direction.

Champaka, sal, nīpa, ironwood, Alexandrian laurel and screw pine -

Men standing on the ground throw them up in every direction.

Having loosened my hair there, and the bark garment and the leather hide;

Having spread them out on the mud, I lay down face downward.

"Having stepped upon me, let the Buddha go together with his pupils;

Let him not step on the mud, it will be for my welfare."

As I lay upon the earth, thus arose in my mind;

"If I wished, today I could burn up my defilements.

"What need have I to realize the Teaching here in an unknown guise;

Having attained omniscience, I shall be a Buddha in the world with its gods.

"What need have I, having crossed over alone, as a man seeing his own strength;

Having attained omniscience, I shall help the world with its gods to cross over.

"By this aspiration of mine, made in the presence of the highest of men;

Having attained omniscience, I help many people cross over.

"Having cut through the stream of wandering in the round of rebirths, having destroyed the three existences;

Having climbed aboard the boat of the Dhamma, I shall help the world with its gods to cross over."

Human existence, achievement of gender, cause, seeing the Teacher;

Going forth, achievement of qualities, aspiration and desire;

Through the combination of eight factors, the resolution succeeds.

Dīpaṅkara, knower of the world, the receiver of oblations;

Standing at my head, spoke these words.

"See this ascetic, the matted-hair ascetic of lofty austerity;

After incalculable cosmic cycles, he will become a Buddha in the world.

"Having gone forth from the delightful city called Kapila, the Tathāgata;

Having striven in striving, having performed austerities.

"Having sat down at the root of the goatherd's tree, the Tathāgata;

Having taken up the milk-rice there, he will approach the Nerañjarā.

"On the bank of the Nerañjarā, that Conqueror ate the milk-rice;

By the prepared excellent path, he will approach the foot of the Bodhi tree.

"Then, having circumambulated, the unsurpassed one, the ground of enlightenment;

At the root of the holy fig tree, the one of great fame will awaken.

"'His mother who gave him birth will be named Māyā;

His father will be named Suddhodana, this one will be Gotama.

"Without mental corruptions, without lust, with peaceful minds, concentrated;

Kolita and Upatissa will be the chief disciples;

Ānanda by name will be the attendant, he will attend upon this Conqueror.

"Khemā and Uppalavaṇṇā will be the chief female disciples;

Without mental corruptions, without lust, with peaceful minds, concentrated;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the holy fig tree.

"Citta and Hatthaka of Āḷavī will be the chief male attendants;

Uttarā and Nanda's mother will be the chief female attendants."

Having heard this word of the matchless great sage;

Rejoicing, men and deities said: "This one is indeed a Buddha-seed."

Sounds of acclamation occur, they clap their hands and laugh;

With joined palms they pay homage, the ten-thousand world-system together with the gods.

"If we miss the Dispensation of this Protector of the World,

In the future time, we shall be face to face with him."

"Just as people crossing a river, having missed the opposite ford;

Having taken a lower ford, they cross over the great river.

"Just so, all of us, if we let go of this Conqueror;

In the future time, we shall be face to face with him."

Dīpaṅkara, knower of the world, the receiver of oblations;

Having praised my action, lifted up his right foot.

Those who were there, the sons of the Conqueror, circumambulated me;

Gods, humans and titans, having paid respect, departed.

When the leader of the world together with the Community had passed beyond my sight;

Having risen from the lying place, I then folded my legs crosswise.

Happy with happiness I was, gladdened with gladness;

And overflowing with rapture, I then folded my legs crosswise.

Having sat down cross-legged, thus I thought then;

"I have become a master in meditative absorption, having reached perfection in the direct knowledges.

"In the thousandfold world, there are no sages equal to me;

Matchless in supernormal powers, I obtained such happiness.

"When I sat cross-legged, the inhabitants of the ten thousand world systems

Uttered a great roar: 'Certainly you will become a Buddha.'

"'Whatever signs appeared before for Bodhisattas, when they sat cross-legged in the excellent posture;

Those signs appear today.

"'Cold has departed, and heat subsides;

Those signs appear today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'The ten-thousand world-systems become silent and undisturbed;

Those signs appear today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'Great winds do not blow, the rivers do not flow;

Those signs appear today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'Land-born and water-born flowers, all bloom at that very moment;

They are all in bloom today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'Whether creepers or trees, they bear fruit at that very moment;

They are all bearing fruit today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'Jewels situated in the sky and situated on the ground shine at that very moment;

Those jewels shine today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"Human and divine musical instruments are played at that very moment;

Both today resound, certainly you will become a Buddha.

'''Variegated flowers from the sky, rain down at that very moment;

They too rain down today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'The great ocean contracts, the ten-thousand world-system quakes;

Both today resound, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'In the ten thousand hells, the fires are extinguished at that very moment;

Those fires are quenched today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'The sun is spotless, all the stars are seen;

They too appear today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'Without rain, water sprang up from the earth at that very moment;

That too springs up from the earth today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'The hosts of stars shine, the constellations in the circle of the sky;

Visākhā is joined with the moon, certainly you will become a Buddha.'

"Those dwelling in holes, those dwelling in caves, come out from their dwelling places;

Today those dwelling places are abandoned, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'There is no discontent among beings, they are content at that very moment;

They are all content today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'Diseases are calmed thereby, and hunger perishes;

Those signs appear today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'Lust then becomes diminished, hate and delusion perish;

They have all departed today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"Fear does not arise then, and today too this is seen;

By that sign we know, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"Dust does not rise upward, and today too this is seen;

By that sign we know, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'The undesirable odour departs, a divine fragrance blows forth;

That fragrance blows forth today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'All gods appear, having set aside the immaterial ones;

They are all seen today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'As far as there are hells by name, all are seen at that moment;

They are all seen today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"Walls, door panels, and rocks were not obstructions then;

They became like space today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"'Death and rebirth, in that moment are not found;

Those signs appear today, certainly you will become a Buddha.

"Firmly exert your energy, do not turn back, go forward;

We understand this, certainly you will become a Buddha."

Having heard the word of the Buddha and of the ten thousand world systems both,

Satisfied, joyful, greatly delighted, thus I thought then.

"The Buddhas are of unambiguous speech, the Conquerors are of unfailing speech;

There is no falsehood in the Buddhas, certainly I will become a Buddha.

"Just as a clod of earth thrown into the sky, certainly falls to the ground;

So too the word of the foremost Buddhas is everlasting and eternal;

There is no falsehood in the Buddhas, certainly I will become a Buddha.

"Just as for all beings, death is everlasting and eternal;

So too the word of the foremost Buddhas is everlasting and eternal;

There is no falsehood in the Buddhas, certainly I will become a Buddha.

"Just as when the night has waned, the rising of the sun is certain;

So too the word of the foremost Buddhas is everlasting and eternal;

There is no falsehood in the Buddhas, certainly I will become a Buddha.

"Just as the roaring of a lion gone forth from its lair is certain;

So too the word of the foremost Buddhas is everlasting and eternal;

There is no falsehood in the Buddhas, certainly I will become a Buddha.

"Just as for pregnant women, the laying down of the burden is certain;

So too the word of the foremost Buddhas is everlasting and eternal;

There is no falsehood in the Buddhas, certainly I will become a Buddha.

"Come, the qualities that make a Buddha, I shall investigate here and there;

Above, below, the ten directions, as far as the element of phenomena extends."

Searching then I saw the first perfection of giving,

The great path practised by the great sages of old.

"This you first for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

Go to the perfection of giving, if you wish to attain enlightenment.

"Just as a water-pot full, of whatever, turned upside down;

Discharges water entirely, does not hold back therein.

"Likewise, having seen beggars, low, superior, and middling;

Give a gift entirely, like a water-pot turned upside down.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the second perfection of morality,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you second for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

Go to the perfection of morality, if you wish to attain enlightenment.

"Just as a yak, its tail hair caught on something;

Goes to death there, does not destroy its tail.

"Just so you, on the four planes, fulfil the moralities;

Always guard morality, as a yak its tail.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the third perfection of renunciation,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you third for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

Go to the perfection of renunciation, if you wish to attain enlightenment.

"Just as a man in a prison, having dwelt long, afflicted by suffering;

Does not generate lust therein, but seeks only freedom.

"Just so you, see all existences, as if a prison;

Be inclined towards renunciation, for release from existence.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the fourth perfection of wisdom,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you fourth for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

Go to the perfection of wisdom, if you wish to attain enlightenment.

"Just as a monk begging alms, among low, superior, and middling;

Not avoiding families, thus he obtains sustenance.

"Just so you, at all times, questioning the wise people;

Having gone to the perfection of wisdom, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the fifth perfection of energy,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you fifth for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

Go to the perfection of energy, if you wish to attain enlightenment.

"Just as a lion, the king of beasts, in sitting, standing, and walking;

Is ever of unwavering energy, with mind always uplifted.

"Just so you, in all existences, firmly exert your energy;

Having gone to the perfection of energy, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the sixth perfection of patience,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you sixth for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

There with undoubting mind, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"Just as the earth, by name, both what is pure and what is impure;

Endures all that is cast upon it, it does not make aversion thereby.

"So too you, patient with honour and dishonour from all,

Having gone to the perfection of patience, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the seventh perfection of truthfulness,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you seventh for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

There being of uncontradictory speech, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"Just as the healing star, a standard for the world with its gods;

In season or in the seasonal rains, does not deviate from its path.

"So too you in truths, do not deviate indeed from the path;

Having gone to the perfection of truthfulness, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the eighth perfection of determination,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you eighth for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

There you, having become unshakeable, will attain the highest enlightenment.

"Just as a rocky mountain, immovable, firmly established;

Does not tremble in strong winds, remains in its own place.

"So too you in determination, always be unshakeable;

Having gone to the perfection of determination, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the ninth perfection of friendliness,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you ninth for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

Be matchless in friendliness, if you wish to attain enlightenment.

"Just as water, by name, upon good and evil people;

Pervades equally with coolness, and washes away dust and stain.

"Just so you, towards the friendly and unfriendly, develop equally with friendliness;

Having gone to the perfection of friendliness, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"These alone will not be the qualities that make a Buddha;

I will search for others too, those qualities that ripen enlightenment."

Searching then I saw the tenth perfection of equanimity,

Practised and cultivated by the great sages of old.

"This you tenth for now, having made firm, take upon yourself;

Having become like a balance, firm, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"Just as the earth, by name, what is impure and what is pure laid upon it;

Is indifferent to both of these, free from irritation and friendliness.

"Just so you, in pleasure and pain, always be like a balance;

Having gone to the perfection of equanimity, you will attain the highest enlightenment.

"These alone are in the world, those qualities that ripen enlightenment;

Beyond these there is nothing else, firmly establish yourself therein."

As he investigated these phenomena, by their intrinsic nature, function, and characteristic;

By the power of the Dhamma, the earth, the ten-thousand world-system, quaked.

The earth moves and resounds, like a sugar-mill being pressed;

Just as a wheel in an oil-press, thus the ground trembles.

As far as the assembly extended, at the Buddha's food distribution;

Trembling, she there, fainted, lay on the ground.

Many thousands of pots, and many hundreds of jars;

Were crushed and churned there, mutually struck against each other.

Agitated, trembling, frightened, wandering, with troubled minds;

The great multitude having assembled, approached Dīpaṅkara.

"What will become of the world, whether good or evil;

The whole world is troubled, dispel that, O One with Vision."

Then Dīpaṅkara, the great sage, made known to them;

"Be confident, do not fear, in this earthquake.

"He whom I have declared today, will become a Buddha in the world;

He meditates on the Teaching, the ancient one practised by the Victors.

"As he investigated the teaching, the ground of Buddhahood entirely;

Therefore this earth trembled, the ten-thousand world-system with its gods."

Having heard the Buddha's word, the mind was calmed at that very moment;

All, having approached me, paid homage again.

Having taken upon myself the Buddha's virtues, having made the mind firm;

Having paid homage to Dīpaṅkara, I then rose from my seat.

Divine and human flowers, both gods and humans;

Sprinkle with flowers, upon him rising from his seat.

Both gods and humans proclaim well-being to you;

"Great is what you have aspired to, may you obtain that as you wished.

"May all calamities be avoided, may sorrow and disease perish;

May there be no obstacles for you, quickly experience the highest enlightenment.

"Just as when the right time has come, flowering trees bloom;

Just so you, O great hero, bloom with the Buddha's knowledge.

"Just as whatever self-enlightened ones fulfilled the ten perfections;

Just so you, O great hero, fulfil the ten perfections.

"Just as whatever self-enlightened ones awakened at the seat of enlightenment;

Just so you, O great hero, awaken to the enlightenment of the Conquerors.

"Just as whatever self-enlightened ones set in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

Just so you, O great hero, set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

"Just as the moon on the full moon day, pure, shines brightly;

Just so you, with fulfilled aspirations, shine brightly over the ten-thousandfold world system.

"Just as the sun, freed from Rāhu, outshines with its radiance;

Just so, having released from the world, shine brightly with splendour, you.

"Just as whatever rivers flow into the great ocean;

So may the worlds with their gods come into your presence."

Praised and commended by them, having taken upon himself the ten qualities;

Fulfilling those qualities, he then entered the forest wilds.

Then they, having fed the leader of the world together with the Community,

Went for refuge to him, to the Teacher Dīpaṅkara.

The Tathāgata established some in going for refuge;

Some in the five precepts, and others in the tenfold morality.

To someone he gives asceticism, the four highest fruits;

To someone the matchless states, he gives the analytical knowledge.

To someone the excellent attainments, the eight he gives, the lord of men;

The three true knowledges to someone, the six higher knowledges he offers.

By that exertion the great sage exhorted the crowd of people;

By that the Dispensation of the Protector of the World became widespread.

With great jaw and bull-like shoulders, named Dīpaṅkara;

He helps many people across, and delivers them from the unfortunate realm.

Having seen people capable of being enlightened, even at a hundred thousand yojanas;

Having approached in a moment, the great sage awakens them.

At the first full realization, the Buddha awakened a hundred ten million;

At the second full realization, the Protector awakened ninety ten million.

And when in the abode of the gods, the Buddha taught the Dhamma;

For ninety thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the Teacher Dīpaṅkara;

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

Again at Nārada Peak, when the Conqueror had gone into solitude;

Those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, stainless, a hundred koṭis met together.

At which time the great hero, on the Sudassana rock mountain;

With ninety million, the great sage celebrated the pavāraṇā.

There was the full realization of the teaching for ten and twenty thousand;

The full realizations of one or two are incalculable by counting.

Widespread, known to many, prosperous, flourishing it was then;

The Dispensation of the Blessed One Dīpaṅkara was well purified.

Four hundred thousand, possessing the six higher knowledges, of great supernormal power;

They surround Dīpaṅkara, the knower of the world, always.

Whoever at that time, give up human existence;

Trainees who have not attained their goal, they are blameworthy.

The Scriptures, fully in bloom, with Worthy Ones, such ones;

With those who have eliminated the mental corruptions, with the unstained, it appears beautiful always.

The city was named Rammavatī, the warrior was named Sudeva;

The mother was named Sumedhā, of the Teacher Dīpaṅkara.

For ten thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Haṃsa, Koñca, and Mayūra, three excellent mansions.

Three hundred thousand women, fully adorned;

Padumā was the name of that woman, Usabhakkhandha was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by elephant vehicle;

For no less than ten months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Having practised the striving conduct, the sage awakened his mind;

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Dīpaṅkara, the great sage.

The great hero turned the wheel, at Nanda's park, in the glorious house;

Seated at the foot of the sirīsa tree, he crushed the heretics.

Sumaṅgala and Tissa were the chief disciples;

Sāgata by name was the attendant of the Teacher Dīpaṅkara.

Nandā and Sunandā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the sacred fig tree.

Tapussa and Bhallika by name, were the chief male attendants;

Sirimā and Koṇā were the female attendants, of the Teacher Dīpaṅkara.

Eighty cubits in height, Dīpaṅkara, the great sage;

Shines like a lamp post, like a king of sal trees in full bloom.

A hundred thousand years was the life span of that great sage;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having illuminated the Good Teaching, having helped the great multitude cross over;

Having blazed like a great mass of fire, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

That supernormal power and that fame, and those jewel wheels on his feet;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

The Conqueror Dīpaṅkara, the Teacher, attained final Nibbāna in Nanda Park;

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, thirty-six yojanas in height.

After Dīpaṅkara, the Leader named Koṇḍañña;

Of infinite power, of immeasurable fame, immeasurable, difficult to approach.

Like the earth in patience, like the ocean in morality;

Like Meru in concentration, like the sky in knowledge.

The elucidation of the faculties, powers, factors of enlightenment, path and truths;

The Buddha always made known, for the welfare of all living beings.

When Koṇḍañña, the leader of the world, was setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Then also, while he was teaching, at the assembly of humans and deities;

For ninety thousand crores, there was the second full realization.

When, subduing the sectarians, he taught the Dhamma;

For eighty thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Koṇḍañña;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis;

The second was of a thousand koṭis, the third of ninety koṭis.

I at that time, a warrior named Vijitāvī;

With the ocean as the boundary, I exercised sovereignty.

A hundred thousand koṭis of spotless great sages,

Together with the supreme lord of the world, I satisfied with the finest food.

That Buddha too declared of me, Koṇḍañña, the leader of the world;

"After incalculable cosmic cycles, he will become a Buddha in the world.

"Having striven in striving, having performed austerities;

At the root of the holy fig tree, the Fully Enlightened One of great fame will awaken.

"'His mother who gave him birth will be named Māyā;

His father will be named Suddhodana, this one will be Gotama.

"Kolita and Upatissa will be the chief disciples;

Ānanda by name will be the attendant, he will attend upon this Conqueror.

"Khemā and Uppalavaṇṇā will be the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the holy fig tree.

"Citta and Hatthaka of Āḷavī will be the chief male attendants;

Nanda's mother and Uttarā will be the chief female attendants;

The life span of that famous Gotama will be a hundred years."

Having heard this word of the matchless great sage;

Rejoicing, men and deities said: "This one is indeed a Buddha-seed."

Sounds of acclamation occur, they clap their hands and laugh;

With joined palms they pay homage, the ten thousand deities.

"If we miss the Dispensation of this Protector of the World,

In the future time, we shall be face to face with him."

"Just as people crossing a river, having missed the opposite ford;

Having taken a lower ford, they cross over the great river.

"Just so, all of us, if we let go of this Conqueror;

In the future time, we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word, I gladdened my mind even more;

Accomplishing that very purpose, I gave the great kingdom to the Conqueror;

Having given the great kingdom, I went forth in his presence.

The discourses and also the monastic discipline, the ninefold Teacher's instruction;

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

There, dwelling diligent, in sitting, standing, and walking;

Having gone to the perfection of direct knowledge, I went to the Brahma world.

The city was named Rammavatī, the warrior was named Sunanda;

The mother was named Sujātā, of the great sage Koṇḍañña.

For ten thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Suci, Suruci, and Subha, three excellent mansions.

Three hundred thousand women, fully adorned;

Rucidevī was the name of that woman, Vijitasena was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by chariot vehicle;

For no less than ten months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Koṇḍañña, the best of bipeds;

The great hero turned the wheel, in the best city of the gods.

Bhadda and Subhadda were the chief disciples;

Anuruddha by name was the attendant of the great sage Koṇḍañña.

Tissā and Upatissā were the chief female disciples;

The Sāla-kalyāṇī tree was the enlightenment tree of the great sage Koṇḍañña.

Soṇa and Upasoṇa were the chief male attendants;

Nandā and Sirīmā were the chief female attendants.

He, eighty-eight cubits, very high, the great sage;

He shines like the king of stars, as the sun at midday.

For a hundred thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

With those who have eliminated the mental corruptions, with the unstained, the ground was decorated;

Just as the sky with stars, thus it appeared beautiful.

Those serpents too were immeasurable, unshakeable, difficult to approach;

Having displayed like a flash of lightning, those of great fame were quenched.

And that incomparable supernormal power of the Conqueror, and the concentration developed by knowledge;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Koṇḍañña, the excellent Buddha, attained final Nibbāna at Candārāma;

Right there a shrine was built, raised up seven yojanas.

After Koṇḍañña, the Leader named Maṅgala;

Having dispelled the darkness in the world, he held aloft the torch of the Dhamma.

His radiance was incomparable, surpassing the other Conquerors;

Having overcome the radiance of the moon and sun, the ten-thousand world-system shines brightly.

That Buddha too made known the four highest excellent truths;

Those who, having drunk the flavour of truth, dispel the great darkness.

Having attained the incomparable enlightenment, at the first teaching of the Dhamma;

There was the full realization of the teaching for a hundred thousand koṭis.

In the abode of Surinda, the god, the Buddha taught the Dhamma;

Then of a thousand koṭis, was the second occasion.

When Sunanda the wheel-turning monarch approached the self-enlightened;

Then the self-enlightened beat the drum of the Teaching, the excellent best.

The populace who were followers of Sunanda, then were ninety million;

All of them without remainder, were "come, monk" monks.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Maṅgala;

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

The second was of a hundred thousand koṭis, the third of ninety koṭis;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, then was the meeting.

I at that time, a brahmin named Suruci;

A reciter, a bearer of sacred texts, one who has gone beyond the three Vedas.

Having approached him, having gone for refuge to the Teacher;

I venerated the Community headed by the Self-Enlightened One, with scents and garlands;

Having venerated with scents and garlands, I satisfied them with cow's milk.

That Buddha too declared of me, Maṅgala, the best of bipeds;

"Immeasurable cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Then, cultivating joy, for the attainment of the excellent enlightenment;

Having given my house to the Buddha, I went forth in his presence.

The discourses and also the monastic discipline, the ninefold Teacher's instruction;

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

There, dwelling diligent, having developed the supreme meditation;

Having gone to the perfection of direct knowledge, I went to the Brahma world.

The city was named Uttara, the warrior was named Uttara;

The mother was named Uttarā, of the great sage Maṅgala.

For nine thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Glorious, pure, splendid, three excellent mansions.

Thirty thousand women, fully adorned;

Yasavatī was the name of that woman, Sīvala was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by horse vehicle;

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, the Leader named Maṅgala;

The great hero turned the wheel, in the forest, the excellent and glorious.

Sudeva and Dhammasena were the chief disciples;

Pālita by name was the attendant of the great sage Maṅgala.

Sīvalā and Asokā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the ironwood tree.

Nanda and Visākha were the chief male attendants;

Anulā and Sutanā were the chief female attendants.

Eighty-eight ratanas, very high, the great sage;

From him radiated rays, many hundreds of thousands.

For ninety thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Just as waves in the ocean, they cannot be counted;

So too his disciples, they cannot be counted.

As long as the Fully Enlightened One stood, Maṅgala, the leader of the world;

There was no death with defilements then in his Dispensation.

Having held aloft the torch of the Dhamma, having helped the great multitude cross over;

Having blazed like a fire, he, of great fame, attained final Nibbāna.

Having shown the intrinsic nature of activities to the world with its gods;

Having blazed like a great mass of fire, just as the sun has passed away.

In the park named Vassara, the Buddha Maṅgala attained Nibbāna;

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, thirty yojanas in height.

After Maṅgala, the Leader named Sumana;

Matchless in all qualities, the highest of all beings.

Then he beat the drum of the Deathless in the city of Mekhala;

The ninefold Conqueror's Dispensation, conjoined with the conch of the Teaching.

He, having conquered the defilements, having attained the highest enlightenment;

The Teacher built a city, the best and highest city of the Good Teaching.

Continuous, not crooked, straight, extensive and wide;

He built that great highway, the best and highest establishment of mindfulness.

The four fruits of asceticism, the four analytical knowledges;

The six higher knowledges and the eight attainments, he spread out there on the street.

Those who are heedful, free from barrenness, endowed with shame and energy;

They take up these excellent qualities as they wish.

Thus by this exertion, lifting up the great multitude;

The Teacher first awakened a hundred thousand crores.

At which time the great hero exhorted the groups of sectarians;

Ten million thousand fully realised, at the second teaching of the Dhamma.

When gods and humans, united with one mind;

Asked the question about cessation, and also the doubt in their minds.

Then too, at the teaching of the Dhamma, at the elucidation of cessation;

For ninety thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Sumana;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

When the Blessed One had completed the rains retreat, at the proclaimed invitation ceremony;

With a hundred thousand koṭis, the Tathāgata celebrated the pavāraṇā.

Beyond that, at an assembly on the spotless golden mountain,

The second meeting was of ninety thousand koṭis.

When Sakka, the king of gods, came for the sight of the Buddha;

The third meeting was of eighty thousand koṭis.

I at that time, a king of serpents of great supernormal power;

Atula by name, with an abundant accumulation of wholesome deeds.

Then I, having come out from the serpent realm with my relatives;

With the divine musical instruments of the serpents, I attended upon the Victor together with the Community.

I satisfied a hundred thousand koṭis with food and drink;

Having given a separate pair of garments, I went for refuge to him.

That Buddha too declared of me, Sumana, the leader of the world;

"Immeasurable cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Mekhalā, the warrior was named Sudatta;

The mother was named Sirimā, of the great sage Sumana.

For nine thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Canda, Sucanda, and Vaṭaṃsa, three excellent mansions.

Sixty-three hundred thousand women, fully adorned;

Vaṭaṃsikā was the name of that woman, Anūpama was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by elephant vehicle;

For no less than ten months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Sumana, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at Mekhala, the excellent city.

Saraṇa and Bhāvitatta were the chief disciples;

Udena by name was the attendant of the great sage Sumana.

Soṇā and Upasoṇā were the chief female disciples;

That Buddha too, of immeasurable fame, was awakened at the foot of a nāga tree.

Varuṇa and Saraṇa were the chief male attendants;

Cālā and Upacālā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha, risen to ninety cubits in height,

Resembling the radiance of gold, the ten-thousand world-system shines brightly.

For ninety thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having helped those to be helped cross over, and having awakened those capable of being awakened;

The Fully Enlightened One attained final Nibbāna, like the king of stars, he set.

And those monks who had eliminated the mental corruptions, and that incomparable Buddha;

Having shown incomparable radiance, those of great fame were quenched.

That knowledge was incomparable, and those jewels were incomparable;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

The Buddha Sumana, bearer of fame, attained final Nibbāna in the Aṅga park;

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, raised up four yojanas.

After Sumana, the Leader named Revata;

Incomparable, matchless, unequalled, the highest Conqueror.

He too made known the Teaching, being requested by Brahmā;

The defining of the aggregates and elements, the non-occurrence in any kind of existence.

At his full realizations there were three, at the teaching of the Dhamma;

The first full realization was not to be told by counting.

When the sage Revata trained King Arindama;

Then of a thousand koṭis, there was the second full realization.

For seven days from seclusion, having emerged, the lord of men;

A hundred crores of humans and deities, he trained in the highest fruit.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Revata;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, well-liberated ones of such quality.

Those who assembled first surpassed the path of counting;

The second meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

He who was matchless in wisdom, a follower of his Wheel;

He was then diseased, having reached danger of life.

Those sages who then came to enquire after his illness;

Ten thousand koṭis of Worthy Ones, the third meeting was.

I at that time, a brahmin named Atideva;

Having approached Revata the Buddha, I went for refuge to him.

Having praised his morality and concentration, and the highest quality of wisdom,

According to my strength, I gave a cloak.

That Buddha too declared of me, Revata, the leader of the world;

"Immeasurable cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Even then, having remembered that Buddha-teaching, I developed it;

I will bring that teaching, which was longed for by me.

The city was named Sudhaññavatī, the warrior was named Vipula;

The mother was named Vipulā, of the great sage Revata.

For six thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Sudassana, Ratanagghi, and Āveḷa, decorated;

Produced by meritorious deeds, three excellent mansions.

Thirty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Sudassanā was the name of that woman, Varuṇa was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by chariot vehicle;

For no less than seven months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Revata, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at Varuṇa's park, in the glorious house.

Varuṇa and Brahmadeva were the chief disciples;

Sambhava by name was the attendant of the great sage Revata.

Bhaddā and Subhaddā were the chief female disciples;

That Buddha too, equal to the matchless, was awakened at the foot of a nāga tree.

Paduma and Kuñjara were the chief male attendants;

Sirīmā and Yasavatī were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha, risen to eighty cubits in height,

Illuminates all directions, like the risen banner of Indra.

Arisen in his body, an unsurpassed garland of radiance;

By day or by night, it pervades a yojana all around.

For sixty thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having shown the Buddha's power, proclaiming the Deathless in the world;

He attained Nibbāna without clinging, like a fire with the elimination of fuel.

That body like a jewel, that Teaching incomparable;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

The Buddha Revata, bearer of fame, attained final Nibbāna in a great city;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

After Revata, the Leader named Sobhita;

Concentrated, with peaceful mind, matchless, without equal.

That Conqueror, in his own home, turned around his mind;

Having attained consummate enlightenment, he set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

From below, from Avīci, and also from above, from the highest point of existence;

In between here, there was one assembly, at the teaching of the Dhamma.

To that assembly the Fully Enlightened One set in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

The first full realization was not to be told by counting.

Then also, while he was teaching, at the assembly of deities;

For ninety thousand crores, there was the second full realization.

Furthermore, a prince, a warrior named Jayasena;

Having planted a park, he then dedicated it to the Buddha.

Praising his sacrifice, the one with vision taught the Teaching;

Then of a thousand koṭis, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Sobhita;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Uggata was the name of that king, who gave a gift to the Highest of Men;

At that gift, a hundred koṭis of Worthy Ones assembled.

Furthermore, the city's group gives a gift to the Highest of Men;

Then the second meeting was of ninety koṭis.

Having dwelt in the heavenly world, when the Conqueror descended;

Then there was the third meeting of eighty koṭis.

I at that time, a brahmin named Sujāta;

Then I satisfied the Buddha together with his disciples with food and drink.

That Buddha too declared of me, Sobhita, the leader of the world;

"Immeasurable cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, joyful, with an agitated mind;

For the attainment of that very purpose, I made fierce energy.

The city was named Sudhamma, the warrior was named Sudhamma;

The mother was named Sudhammā, of the great sage Sobhita.

For nine thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Kumuda, Nāḷina, and Paduma, three excellent mansions.

Thirty-seven thousand women, fully adorned;

Maṇilā was the name of that woman, Sīha was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed from the palace;

For seven days the striving conduct, having practised, the highest of men.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Sobhita, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, in the excellent Sudhamma park.

Asama and Sunetta were the chief disciples;

Anoma by name was the attendant of the great sage Sobhita.

Nakulā and Sujātā were the chief female disciples;

And that Buddha, while awakening, was awakened at the foot of a nāga tree.

Ramma and Sudatta were the chief male attendants;

Nakulā and Cittā were the chief female attendants.

Fifty-eight cubits, very high, the great sage;

It illuminates all directions, like the risen sun.

Just as a forest in full bloom, perfumed with various fragrances;

So too his Scriptures, perfumed with the fragrance of morality.

Just as the ocean, by name, is not satiable by seeing;

So too his Scriptures, are not satiable by hearing.

For ninety thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having given exhortation and advice to the remaining people;

Having scorched like fire, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

And that Buddha, equal to the matchless, and those disciples who had attained power;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Sobhita, the excellent Fully Enlightened One, attained final Nibbāna at the Lion Monastery;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

After Sobhita, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

Anomadassī, of immeasurable fame, radiant, difficult to surpass.

He, having cut off all bondage, having destroyed the three existences;

Taught the path leading to non-return, to gods and humans.

Unshakeable like the ocean, difficult to approach like a mountain;

He is infinite like space, like a king of sal trees in full bloom.

Even by seeing that Buddha, living beings are pleased;

Having heard the word he speaks, they attain the Deathless.

The full realization of the teaching for him was then prosperous and flourishing;

Hundreds of koṭis fully realised, at the first teaching of the Dhamma.

Thereafter at the full realization, when the showers of the Teaching were raining;

Eighty million fully realised, at the second teaching of the Dhamma.

Thereafter when raining, and satisfying living beings;

For seventy-eight crores, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of that great sage too;

Of those who had attained the power of direct knowledge, fully blown with liberation.

There was then an assembly of eight hundred thousand,

Of those who had abandoned vanity and delusion, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The second meeting was of seven hundred thousand,

Of those without blemish, stainless, at peace, such ones.

The third meeting was of six hundred thousand,

Of those who had attained the power of direct knowledge, quenched, austere ascetics.

I at that time, was a demon of great supernormal power;

Lord wielding power over many tens of millions of demons.

Even then, having approached that excellent Buddha, the great sage,

I satisfied with food and drink the leader of the world together with the Community.

He too, the sage with purified vision, declared of me then;

"Immeasurable cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, joyful, with an agitated mind;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Candavatī, the warrior was named Yasavā;

The mother was named Yasodharā, of the Teacher Anomadassī.

For ten thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Sirī, Upasirī, and Vaḍḍha, three excellent mansions.

Twenty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Sirimā was the name of that woman, Upavāṇa was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by palanquin;

For no less than ten months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Anomadassī, the great sage;

The great hero turned the wheel, in the park named Sudassana.

Nisabha and Anoma were the chief disciples;

Varuṇa by name was the attendant of the Teacher Anomadassī.

Sundarī and Sumanā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the Ajjuna tree.

Nandivaḍḍha and Sirivaḍḍha were the chief male attendants;

Uppalā and Padumā were the chief female attendants.

Fifty-eight cubits, very high, the great sage;

Radiance radiates from him, like the risen sun.

For a hundred thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

The Scriptures, fully in bloom, with Worthy Ones, such ones;

With those without lust, with the unstained, the Conqueror's Dispensation was made resplendent.

And that Teacher of immeasurable fame, those pairs incomparable;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

The Conqueror Anomadassī, the Teacher, attained final Nibbāna in Dhamma Park;

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, twenty-five in height.

After Anomadassī, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

Paduma by name, matchless, without equal.

His morality too is matchless, his concentration too is infinite;

His excellent knowledge is incalculable, his liberation too is incomparable.

For him too, of incomparable power, in setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There were three full realizations, dispelling great darkness.

At the first full realization, the Buddha awakened a hundred ten million;

At the second full realization, the wise one awakened ninety ten million.

And when the Buddha Paduma exhorted his own son;

Then for eighty koṭis, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Paduma;

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

At the time of the allocation of kathina-privileges, when the kathina robe had arisen;

For the sake of the General of the Dhamma, the monks sewed the robe.

Then those spotless monks, possessing the six higher knowledges, of great supernormal power;

Three hundred thousand, unconquered, met together.

Furthermore, that lord of men approached the forest wilds to take abode;

Then there was a meeting of two hundred thousand.

I at that time, was a lion, lord over beasts;

Developing seclusion, I saw the Victor in the forest wilds.

Having paid homage with my head at his feet, having circumambulated him;

Having roared three times, for seven days I attended upon the Conqueror.

For seven days from the excellent attainment, having emerged, the Tathāgata;

Having reflected with the mind, brought together ten million monks.

Then too the great hero, in their midst, predicted;

"Immeasurable cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Campaka, the warrior was named Asama;

The mother was named Asamā, of the great sage Paduma.

For ten thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Nandā, Vasu, and Yasuttarā, three excellent mansions.

Thirty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Uttarā was the name of that woman, Ramma was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by chariot vehicle;

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Paduma, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the excellent Dhanañca park.

Sāla and Upasāla were the chief disciples;

Varuṇa by name was the attendant of the great sage Paduma.

Rādhā and Surādhā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the Great Soṇa.

Bhiyya and Asama were the chief male attendants;

Rucī and Nandarāmā were the chief female attendants.

Fifty-eight cubits, very high, the great sage;

Radiance radiates from him, unequalled in all directions.

The radiance of the moon, the radiance of the sun, the radiance of jewels, fire, and gems;

All of them are destroyed, having reached the supreme radiance of the Conqueror.

For a hundred thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having awakened entirely beings whose minds were mature;

Having instructed the rest, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Just as a snake its worn-out skin, just as a tree its old leaves;

Having abandoned all activities, he attained final Nibbāna like fire.

Paduma, the supreme conqueror, the Teacher, attained final Nibbāna in Dhamma Park;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

After Paduma, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

Nārada by name, matchless, without equal.

That Buddha, the eldest beloved son of a wheel-turning monarch,

Adorned with garlands and ornaments, approached the pleasure grove.

There was a tree of great fame, handsome, lofty, pure;

Having reached it, he sat down close, beneath the great Soṇa tree.

There arose the excellent knowledge, infinite, like a diamond;

With that he discriminated the activities, upturning and overturning.

There all mental defilements, entirely he swept away;

He attained consummate enlightenment, and the fourteen Buddha-knowledges.

Having attained the highest enlightenment, he set in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Training the great Doṇa, the king of serpents, the great sage;

He performed a miracle then, showing to the world with its gods.

Then for gods and humans, at that proclamation of the Dhamma;

Ninety thousand crores crossed beyond all doubt.

At which time the great hero exhorted his own son;

For eighty thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Nārada;

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

When the Buddha made known the Buddha's virtues, with their source;

Ninety thousand crores, spotless ones, met together then.

When the noble Verocana gave a gift to the Teacher;

Then the sons of the Conqueror met together, eighty hundred thousand.

"I at that time, a matted-hair ascetic of fierce austerity;

One who moves through the sky I was, one who has gone beyond in the five direct knowledges.

Then I, the one equal to the matchless, together with the Community and attendants;

Having satisfied with food and drink, I honoured with sandalwood.

He too, Nārada, the leader of the world, declared of me then;

"Immeasurable cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, having gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon a fierce ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Dhaññavatī, the warrior was named Sudeva;

The mother was named Anomā, of the great sage Nārada.

For nine thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Jita, Vijita, and Abhirāma, three excellent mansions.

Forty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Vijitasenā was the name of that woman, Nanduttara was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by going on foot;

For seven days the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Nārada, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the excellent Dhanañca park.

Bhaddasāla and Jitamitta were the chief disciples;

Vāseṭṭha by name was the attendant of the great sage Nārada.

Uttarā and Phaggunī were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the Great Soṇa.

Uggarinda and Vasabha were the chief male attendants;

Indāvarī and Vaṇḍī were the chief female attendants.

Eighty-eight ratanas, very high, the great sage;

Resembling the radiance of gold, the ten-thousand world-system shines brightly.

The halo from his body radiates in every direction;

Continuously, by day and night, it pervades a yojana always.

No people at that time, within a yojana all around;

Light torches or lamps, covered by the Buddha's rays.

For ninety thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Just as the sky appears beautiful, variegated with stars;

So too his Dispensation shines with Worthy Ones.

For the crossing over of the stream of wandering in the round of rebirths, for the remaining practitioners;

Having made firm the bridge of the Dhamma, he, the lord of men, attained final Nibbāna.

That Buddha too, equal to the matchless, those too who had eliminated the mental corruptions, of incomparable radiance;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Nārada, the bull among conquerors, attained final Nibbāna in the city of Sudassana;

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up four yojanas.

After Nārada, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

The Conqueror named Padumuttara, imperturbable, like the ocean.

That was a maṇḍa cosmic cycle, in which the Buddha was born;

The populace abundant in wholesome merit, was born in that cosmic cycle.

At the first teaching of the Dhamma by the Blessed One Padumuttara;

There was the full realization of the teaching for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Thereafter when raining, and satisfying living beings;

For thirty-seven hundred thousand, there was the second full realization.

At which time the great hero approached Ānanda;

Having gone to his father's presence, he beat the drum of the Deathless.

When the drum of the Deathless was struck, when the rain of the Teaching was raining;

For fifty hundred thousand, there was the third full realization.

An exhorter, an instructor, a saviour of all living beings;

The Buddha, skilled in teaching, helped many people to cross.

There were three assemblies of the Teacher Padumuttara;

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

When the Buddha, equal to the matchless, dwelt on Vebhāra mountain;

The second meeting was of ninety thousand koṭis.

Again when he had set out on a journey, from villages, towns and countries;

The third meeting was of eighty thousand koṭis.

I at that time, an official named Jaṭila;

I gave cloth with food to the Community headed by the Self-Enlightened One.

That Buddha too declared of me, having sat down in the midst of the Community;

"A hundred thousand cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I determined upon further ascetic practice;

I made exceedingly firm energy, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

All the sectarians were defeated, displeased and unhappy then;

None attended upon them, they were expelled from the country.

All having come together there, approached near the Buddha;

You are the protector, O great hero, be a refuge, O One with Vision.

Compassionate and merciful, seeking the welfare of all living beings;

He established all the sectarians who had arrived in the five precepts.

Thus it was undisturbed, void of sectarians;

Decorated with Worthy Ones, by those who had become masters, by such ones.

The city was named Haṃsavatī, the warrior was named Ānanda;

The mother was named Sujātā, of the Teacher Padumuttara.

For ten thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Naravāhana, fame, wielding power, three excellent mansions.

Forty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Vasudattā was the name of that woman, Uttama was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed from the palace;

For seven days the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Padumuttara, the great leader;

The great hero turned the wheel, in the excellent park of Mithilā.

Devala and Sujāta were the chief disciples;

Sumana by name was the attendant of the great sage Padumuttara.

Amitā and Asamā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the sal tree.

Vitiṇṇa and Tissa were the chief male attendants;

Haṭṭhā and Vicittā were the chief female attendants.

Fifty-eight cubits, very high, the great sage;

Resembling the radiance of gold, bearing the thirty-two excellent characteristics.

Walls, door panels, and walls, trees, and heaps of mountain rocks;

There is no obstruction for him, all around for twelve yojanas.

For a hundred thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having helped many people cross over, having cut through all doubt;

Having blazed like a great mass of fire, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

The Conqueror, the Buddha Padumuttara, attained final Nibbāna in Nanda Park;

Right there is his excellent stūpa, twelve yojanas in height.

After Padumuttara, the Leader named Sumedha;

Difficult to approach, of risen radiance, the sage highest in all the world.

With clear eyes, fair-faced, lofty, upright, majestic;

Seeking the welfare of all beings, he freed many from bondage.

When the Buddha, having attained the consummate, highest enlightenment;

In the city of Sudassana, set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

At his full realizations there were three, at the teaching of the Dhamma;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Furthermore, he, the Conqueror, tamed the demon Kumbhakaṇṇa;

For ninety thousand crores, there was the second full realization.

Furthermore, the one of immeasurable fame made known the four truths;

For eighty thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of Sumedha, the great sage;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

When the Conqueror approached the city named Sudassana;

Then a hundred koṭis of monks who had eliminated the mental corruptions met together.

Furthermore, at Devakūṭa, when the kathina robe was spread for the monks;

Then the second meeting was of ninety koṭis.

Furthermore, the one with ten powers, when he went on a journey;

Then there was the third meeting of eighty koṭis.

"I at that time, a young man named Uttara;

Eighty crores of wealth, accumulated in my house.

Having given the whole entire to the leader of the world together with the Community;

I went for refuge to him, and I delighted in the going forth.

That Buddha too declared of me, giving thanksgiving;

"In thirty thousand cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The discourses and also the monastic discipline, the ninefold Teacher's instruction;

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

There, dwelling diligent, in sitting, standing, and walking;

Having gone to the perfection of direct knowledges, I went to the Brahma world.

The city was named Sudassana, the warrior was named Sudatta;

The mother was named Sudattā, of Sumedha, the great sage.

For nine thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Sucanda, Kañcana, and Sirivaḍḍha, three excellent mansions.

Thirty-six thousand women, fully adorned;

Sumanā was the name of that woman, Punabbasu was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by elephant vehicle;

For no less than a fortnight, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Sumedha, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, in the excellent Sudassana park.

Saraṇa and Sabbakāma were the chief disciples;

Sāgara by name was the attendant of Sumedha, the great sage.

Rāmā and Surāmā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the great ironwood tree.

Uruvelā and Yasavā were the chief male attendants;

Yasodharā and Sirimā were the chief female attendants.

Eighty-eight ratanas, very high, the great sage;

He illuminates all directions, as the moon the host of stars.

Just as the jewel of a universal monarch shines for a yojana;

So too his jewel pervades a yojana all around.

For ninety thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

With those possessing the threefold true knowledge and the six higher knowledges, those who had attained power, such ones;

This was crowded with Worthy Ones, good ones.

They too, all of boundless glory, free, without clinging;

Having shown the light of knowledge, those of great fame were quenched.

Sumedha, the supreme conqueror, the Buddha, attained final Nibbāna in Medhā Park;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

In that very Maṇḍa cosmic cycle, the Leader named Sujāta;

With a lion's jaw and bull's shoulders, immeasurable, difficult to approach.

Like the moon, spotless and pure, like the sun, majestic;

Thus shines the Fully Enlightened One, blazing with splendour always.

Having attained the consummate, highest enlightenment, the Fully Enlightened One;

In the city of Sumaṅgala, set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

While Sujāta, the leader of the world, was teaching the excellent Teaching;

Eighty crores fully realised, at the first teaching of the Dhamma.

When Sujāta of immeasurable fame entered the rains retreat among the gods;

For thirty-seven hundred thousand, there was the second full realization.

When Sujāta, equal to the matchless, approached his father's presence;

For sixty hundred thousand, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the well-born great sage;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Of those who had attained the power of direct knowledge, not reaching any kind of existence;

Sixty hundred thousand, they first gathered together.

Furthermore, at an assembly, when the Conqueror descended from the celestial abode;

The second meeting was of fifty hundred thousand.

Approaching the lord of men, he who was his chief disciple;

With four hundred thousand, he approached the self-enlightened.

I at that time, lord of the four continents;

One who moves through the sky I was, a universal monarch of great power.

Having seen a marvel in the world, wonderful, hair-raising;

Having approached, he paid homage to Sujāta, the leader of the world.

The great kingdom over the four continents, the seven excellent jewels;

Having given over to the Buddha, I went forth in his presence.

Monastery attendants in the country, having gathered the revenue;

Bring to the Community of monks, requisites and lodgings.

That Buddha too declared of me, lord over ten thousand world systems;

"In thirty thousand cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I generated even more joy;

I determined upon a fierce ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The discourses and also the monastic discipline, the ninefold Teacher's instruction;

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

There, dwelling diligent, having developed the supreme meditation;

Having gone to the perfection of direct knowledge, I went to the Brahma world.

The city was named Sumaṅgala, the warrior was named Uggata;

His mother was named Pabhāvatī, of the well-born great sage.

For nine thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Sirī, Upasirī, and Nanda, three excellent mansions.

Twenty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Sirinandā was the name of that woman, Upasena was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by horse vehicle;

For no less than nine months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Sujāta, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the excellent Sumaṅgala park.

Sudassana and Sudeva were the chief disciples;

Nārada was the attendant of the great sage Sujāta.

Nāgā and Nāgasamālā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the great bamboo.

And that tree has a compact trunk, without fissures, with leaves;

The bamboo is straight, lofty, beautiful to behold, delightful.

Having grown with a single trunk, from there branches burst forth;

Just as a well-bound peacock-tail fan, thus that tree shines.

It has no thorns, nor was there any great hole;

With widespread branches, dense, giving thick shade, delightful.

Sudatta and Citta were the chief male attendants;

Subhaddā and Padumā were the chief female attendants.

That Conqueror was fifty cubits in height,

Endowed with all excellent qualities, having attained all virtues.

His radiance, equal to the matchless, radiates all around;

Immeasurable, incomparable, without comparison by similes.

For ninety thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Just as waves in the ocean, just as stars in the sky;

Thus then the Scriptures, adorned by Worthy Ones.

And that Buddha, equal to the matchless, and those qualities incomparable;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Sujāta, the supreme conqueror, the Buddha, attained final Nibbāna in the Stone Park;

Right there is his shrine, raised up three leagues.

After Sujāta, the self-become one, the leader of the world;

Difficult to approach, equal to the matchless, Piyadassī of great fame.

That Buddha too, of immeasurable fame, shines like the sun;

Having destroyed all darkness, he set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

For him too, of incomparable power, there were three full realizations;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Sudassana, the king of gods, delighted in wrong view;

Dispelling his view, the Teacher taught the Dhamma.

The gathering of people was unequalled, a great assembly then;

For ninety thousand crores, there was the second full realization.

When the trainer of men trained the elephant Doṇamukha;

For eighty thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of that Piyadassī too;

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

Thereafter ninety crores of sages met together as one;

At the third assembly, there were eighty crores.

I at that time, a brahmin named Kassapa;

A reciter, a bearer of sacred texts, one who has gone beyond the three Vedas.

Having heard his Teaching, I generated confidence;

With a hundred thousand koṭis, I had a monastery built for the Community.

Having given him a park, joyful, with an agitated mind;

I firmly undertook the refuges and the five precepts.

That Buddha too declared of me, having sat down in the midst of the Community;

"In eighteen hundred cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Sudhaññā, the warrior was named Sudatta;

Candā was the name of the mother, of the Teacher Piyadassī.

For nine thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Sunimmala, Vimala, and Giriguhā, three excellent mansions.

Thirty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Vimalā was the name of that woman, and Kañcanāveḷa was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by chariot vehicle;

For six months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Piyadassī, the great sage;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the delightful Usabha park.

Pālita and Sabbadassī were the chief disciples;

Sobhita by name was the attendant of the Teacher Piyadassī.

Sujātā and Dhammadinnā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the kakudha tree.

Sandhaka and Dhammaka were the chief male attendants;

Visākhā and Dhammadinnā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha too, of immeasurable fame, bearing the thirty-two excellent characteristics;

Eighty cubits in height, he appears like a king of sal trees.

Of fire, moon and sun, there is no such radiance;

As was the radiance of that matchless great sage.

The life span of that god of gods was just so much;

For ninety thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

That Buddha too, equal to the matchless, those pairs too incomparable;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Piyadassī, the excellent sage, attained final Nibbāna at the Assattha park;

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, three yojanas in height.

In that very Maṇḍa cosmic cycle, Atthadassī of great fame;

Having dispelled the great darkness, attained the highest enlightenment.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, he set in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

He satisfied the world with the deathless, the ten-thousandfold world with its gods.

For him too, the Protector of the World, there were three full realizations;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

When the Buddha Atthadassī was wandering on a journey in heaven;

For a hundred thousand koṭis, there was the second full realization.

Furthermore, when the Buddha taught near his father;

For a hundred thousand koṭis, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of that great sage too;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The first meeting was of ninety-eight thousand;

The second meeting was of eighty-eight thousand.

The third meeting was of seven million eight hundred thousand,

Liberated by non-clinging, spotless great sages.

"I at that time, a matted-hair ascetic of fierce austerity;

Susīma by name, considered the best on earth.

Divine mandārava flowers, lotuses, and coral tree blossoms;

Having brought them from the world of the gods, I honoured the Fully Enlightened One.

That Buddha too declared of me, Atthadassī, the great sage;

"In eighteen hundred cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, joyful, with an agitated mind;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Sobhaṇa, the warrior was named Sāgara;

The mother was named Sudassanā, of the Teacher Atthadassī.

For ten thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Amaragiri, Sugiri, and Vāhana, three excellent mansions.

Thirty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Visākhā was the name of that woman, and Sela was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by horse vehicle;

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Atthadassī of great fame;

The great hero turned the wheel, at Anoma park, the lord of men.

Santa and Upasanta were the chief disciples;

Abhaya was the attendant of the Teacher Atthadassī.

Dhammā and Sudhammā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the champak tree.

Nakula and Nisabha were the chief male attendants;

Makilā and Sunandā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha too, equal to the matchless, risen to eighty cubits in height;

Shines like a king of sal trees, like the king of stars when full.

His natural rays, many hundreds of millions,

Above, below, the ten directions, always pervade a yojana.

That Buddha too, the lord of men, the sage, the highest of all beings;

For a hundred thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

Having shown incomparable light, having shone in the world with its gods;

He too attained impermanence, like a fire with the elimination of fuel.

Atthadassī, the supreme conqueror, attained final Nibbāna in Anoma Park;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

In that very Maṇḍa cosmic cycle, Dhammadassī of great fame;

Having dispelled the darkness of ignorance, outshines the world with its gods.

For him too, of incomparable power, in setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

When the Buddha Dhammadassī trained the sage Sañjaya;

Then for ninety koṭis, there was the second full realization.

When Sakka together with his retinue approached the guide;

Then for eighty koṭis, there was the third full realization.

Of that god of gods too, there were three assemblies;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

When the Buddha Dhammadassī entered the rains retreat at the refuge;

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand koṭis.

Furthermore, when the Buddha came from the gods to the human realm;

Then too, the second meeting was of a hundred koṭis.

Furthermore, when the Buddha made known the virtues of ascetic practice;

Then there was the third meeting of eighty koṭis.

I at that time, was Sakka, the first of givers;

With divine scents and garlands, and with music I honoured him.

That Buddha too declared of me, having sat down in the midst of the gods;

"In eighteen hundred cosmic cycles, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Saraṇa, the warrior was named Saraṇa;

The mother was named Sunandā, of the Teacher Dhammadassī.

For eight thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Araja, Viraja, and Sudassana, three excellent mansions.

Forty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Vicikoḷi was the name of that woman, Puññavaḍḍhana was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed from the palace;

For seven days the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Dhammadassī, the lord of men;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Paduma and Phussadeva were the chief disciples;

Sunetta by name was the attendant of the Teacher Dhammadassī.

Khemā and Saccā by name were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the bimbijāla.

Subhadda and Kaṭissaha were the chief male attendants;

Sāḷiyā and Kaḷiyā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha too, equal to the matchless, risen to eighty cubits in height;

Outshines with his radiance, in the ten-thousand-fold world system.

Like a king of sal trees in full bloom, like lightning in the sky;

Like the midday sun, thus he appeared beautiful.

For him too, of incomparable power, his life was equal;

For a hundred thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

Having shown light, having made the Dispensation spotless;

He passed away like the moon from the sky, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Dhammadassī, the great hero, attained final Nibbāna in the Sāla park;

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up three yojanas.

After Dhammadassī, the Leader named Siddhattha;

Having dispelled all darkness, like the sun that has risen.

He too, having attained the highest enlightenment, helping across the world including the gods;

Rained down with the Dhamma-cloud, extinguishing the world including the gods.

For him too, of incomparable power, there were three full realizations;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Furthermore, at Bhīmaratha, when he beat the drum;

Then for ninety koṭis, there was the second full realization.

When the Buddha taught the Teaching, in Vebhāra, the best of cities;

Then for ninety koṭis, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies, of that highest of two-footed beings;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Of a hundred ten million and ninety, and also eighty ten million;

These were the three occasions, at the assembly of the spotless ones.

I at that time, an ascetic named Maṅgala;

Of risen radiance, difficult to overcome, concentrated with the power of direct knowledge.

Having brought fruit from the rose-apple tree, I gave to Siddhattha;

The Fully Enlightened One, having received, spoke these words.

"See this ascetic, the matted-hair ascetic of lofty austerity;

Ninety-four cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Vebhāra, the warrior was named Udena;

The mother was named Suphassā, of the great sage Siddhattha.

For ten thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Koka, Uppala, and Kokanada, three excellent mansions.

Thirty-six thousand women, fully adorned;

Somanassā was the name of that woman, Anupama was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by palanquin;

For no less than ten months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Siddhattha, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Sambala and Sumitta were the chief disciples;

Revata by name was the attendant of the great sage Siddhattha.

Sīvalā and Surāmā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the kaṇikāra tree.

Suppiya and Samudda were the chief male attendants;

Rammā and Surammā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha, risen sixty cubits into the sky,

Resembling the radiance of gold, the ten-thousand world-system shines brightly.

That Buddha too, equal to the matchless, unequalled, without equal;

For a hundred thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

Having shown vast radiance, having caused his disciples to flourish;

Having delighted through attainments, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Siddhattha, the excellent sage, the Buddha, attained final Nibbāna in Anoma Park;

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up four yojanas.

After Siddhattha, matchless, without equal;

Of infinite power, of immeasurable fame, Tissa, the chief leader of the world.

Having dispelled the darkness of ignorance, having illuminated the world with its gods;

The compassionate great hero, the one with vision, arose in the world.

His supernormal power too was incomparable, incomparable were his morality and concentration;

Having gone to perfection in all respects, he set in motion the wheel of the Teaching.

That Buddha, in the ten thousand world systems, proclaimed the pure word;

Hundreds of koṭis fully realised, at the first teaching of the Dhamma.

The second was of ninety koṭis, the third of sixty koṭis;

He released beings from bondage, men and deities, then.

There were three assemblies of Tissa, the chief leader of the world;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand who had eliminated the mental corruptions;

The second meeting was of ninety hundred thousand.

The third meeting was of eight hundred thousand,

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, fully blown with liberation.

I at that time, a warrior named Sujāta;

Having abandoned great wealth, I went forth in the seer's going forth.

When I had gone forth, the leader of the world arose;

Having heard the sound "Buddha," rapture arose in me.

Divine mandārava flowers, lotuses, and coral tree blossoms;

Having held up with both hands, shaking them, I approached.

Surrounded by the four castes, Tissa, the supreme leader of the world;

Having taken a flower, I held it on the head of that Conqueror.

That Buddha too declared of me, having sat down in the midst of the people;

"Ninety-two cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Khemaka, the warrior was named Janasandha;

Padumā was the name of the mother of Tissa, the great sage.

For seven thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Guhāsela, Nārisaya, and Nisabha, three excellent mansions.

Thirty thousand women, fully adorned;

Subhaddā was the name of that woman, Ānanda was the name of her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by horse vehicle;

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Tissa, the chief leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the excellent Yasavatī.

Brahmadeva and Udaya were the chief disciples;

Samaṅga was the name of the attendant of Tissa, the great sage.

Phussā and Sudattā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the Asana tree.

Sambala and Sirimā were the chief male attendants;

Kisāgotamī and Upasenā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha was sixty cubits, the Conqueror was in height;

Incomparable, matchless, he appears like the Himalaya.

For him too, of incomparable power, his life span was unsurpassed;

For a hundred thousand years, the one with vision stood in the world.

Having experienced the highest, the excellent, the foremost, the great fame;

Having blazed like a great mass of fire, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Like a rain cloud by the wind, like dew by the sun;

Like darkness by a lamp, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Tissa, the supreme conqueror, the Buddha, attained final Nibbāna in Nanda Park;

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, three yojanas in height.

In that very Maṇḍa cosmic cycle, there was an unsurpassed Teacher;

Incomparable, equal to the matchless, Phussa, the chief leader of the world.

He too, having destroyed all darkness, having disentangled the great tangle;

Satisfying the world including the gods, he rained down with the water of the Deathless.

When setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching, at the auspicious constellation of Phussa;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

For ninety hundred thousand, there was the second full realization;

For eighty hundred thousand, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Phussa too;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The first meeting was of sixty hundred thousand;

The second meeting was of fifty hundred thousand.

The third meeting was of four hundred thousand,

Liberated by non-clinging, with rebirth-linking cut off.

I at that time, a warrior named Vijitāvī;

Having abandoned the great kingdom, I went forth in his presence.

That Buddha too declared of me, Phussa, the chief leader of the world;

"Ninety-two cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having striven in striving, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The discourses and also the monastic discipline, the ninefold Teacher's instruction;

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

There, dwelling diligent, having developed the supreme meditation;

Having gone to the perfection of direct knowledges, I went to the Brahma world.

A city named Kāsika, a warrior named Jayasena;

The mother was named Sirimā, of the great sage Phussa too.

For nine thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Garuḷapakkha, Haṃsa, and Suvaṇṇabhārā, three excellent mansions.

Thirty thousand women, fully adorned;

Kisāgotamī was the name of that woman, Anūpama was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by elephant vehicle;

For six months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Phussa, the chief leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Surakkhita and Dhammasena were the chief disciples;

Sabhiya by name was the attendant of the great sage Phussa too.

Cālā and Upacālā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the gallnut tree.

Dhanañcaya and Visākha were the chief male attendants;

Padumā and Nāgā were the chief female attendants.

Fifty-eight cubits, he too very high, the sage;

Shines like the sun, like the king of stars when full.

For ninety thousand years, life span exists for that long;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having exhorted many beings, having helped many people cross over;

That Teacher too, of incomparable fame, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Phussa, the supreme conqueror, the Teacher, attained final Nibbāna in Senā Park;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

And after Phussa, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

The one with vision named Vipassī by name arose in the world.

Having broken through all ignorance, attained the highest enlightenment;

To set in motion the wheel of the Teaching, he departed for the city of Bandhumatī.

Having set in motion the wheel of the Teaching, the Leader awakened both;

The first full realization was not to be told by counting.

Furthermore, the one of immeasurable fame made known the truth there;

For eighty-four thousand, there was the second full realization.

Eighty-four thousand went forth after the Self-enlightened One;

To those who had reached the park, the one with vision taught the Teaching.

Having heard him speaking in every way, those who sat near;

They too, having gone to the excellent Teaching, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of Vipassī, the great sage;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The first meeting was of six hundred and eight thousand.

The second meeting was of a hundred thousand monks.

The third meeting was of eighty thousand monks;

There, in the midst of the group of monks, the Fully Enlightened One outshines.

I at that time, a king of serpents of great supernormal power;

Atula by name, possessing merit, resplendent.

Having surrounded myself with many tens of millions of serpents then,

Playing divine musical instruments, I approached the elder of the world.

Having approached the self-enlightened, Vipassī, the leader of the world;

Inlaid with gems, pearls and jewels, adorned with all ornaments;

That Buddha too declared of me, having sat down in the midst of the Community;

"Ninety-one cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having gone forth from the delightful city called Kapila, the Tathāgata;

Having striven in striving, having performed austerities.

"Having sat down at the root of the goatherd's tree, the Tathāgata;

Having taken up the milk-rice there, he will approach the Nerañjarā.

"On the bank of the Nerañjarā, that Conqueror ate the milk-rice;

By the prepared excellent path, he will approach the foot of the Bodhi tree.

"Then, having circumambulated, the unsurpassed one, the ground of enlightenment;

At the root of the holy fig tree, the one of great fame will awaken to the highest enlightenment.

"'His mother who gave him birth will be named Māyā;

His father will be named Suddhodana, this one will be Gotama.

"Without mental corruptions, without lust, with peaceful minds, concentrated;

Kolita and Upatissa will be the chief disciples;

Ānanda by name will be the attendant, he will attend upon this Conqueror.

"Khemā and Uppalavaṇṇā will be the chief female disciples;

Without mental corruptions, without lust, with peaceful minds, concentrated;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the holy fig tree.

"Citta and Hatthaka of Āḷavī will be the chief male attendants;

Nanda's mother and Uttarā will be the chief female attendants;

The life span of that famous Gotama will be a hundred years."

"Having heard this word, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Bandhumatī, the warrior was named Bandhumā;

His mother was named Bandhumatī, of Vipassī, the great sage.

For eight thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Nanda, Sunanda, and Sirimā, three excellent mansions.

Forty-three thousand women, fully adorned;

Sudassanā was the name of that woman, Samavattakkhandha was the name of her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by chariot vehicle;

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Vipassī, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Khaṇḍa and Tissa by name were the chief disciples;

Asoka by name was the attendant of Vipassī, the great sage.

Candā and Candamittā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the trumpet-flower tree.

Punabbasu and Mitta and Nāga were the chief male attendants;

Sirimā and Uttarā were the chief female attendants.

Eighty cubits in height, Vipassī, the leader of the world;

His radiance radiates all around for seven yojanas.

Eighty thousand years was the life span of that Buddha;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

He freed many gods and humans from bondage;

And taught the path and non-path to the remaining worldlings.

Having shown light, having taught the Deathless state;

Having blazed like a great mass of fire, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

The excellent supernormal power, the excellent merit, and the characteristic in bloom;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Vipassī, the supreme conqueror, the Buddha, attained final Nibbāna in Sumittā Park;

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up seven yojanas.

After Vipassī, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

The Conqueror named Sikhī arose, matchless, without equal.

Having crushed Māra's army, attained the highest enlightenment;

He set in motion the wheel of the Teaching, out of compassion for living beings.

When Sikhī, the bull among conquerors, was setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the first full realization for a hundred thousand koṭis.

Furthermore, while the Teaching was being taught, by the leader of the group, the Highest of Men;

For ninety thousand crores, there was the second full realization.

And when he displayed the Twin Wonder to the world with its gods,

For eighty thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

There were three assemblies of the great sage Sikhī;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The first meeting was of a hundred thousand monks;

The second meeting was of eighty thousand monks.

The third meeting was of seventy thousand monks;

Untainted, like a lotus grown in water.

I at that time, a warrior named Arindama;

I satisfied the Community headed by the Self-Enlightened One, with food and drink.

Having given much excellent cloth, not a small amount of ten million cloths;

I gave an adorned elephant vehicle to the Fully Enlightened One.

Having created an elephant vehicle, I offered what was allowable;

I filled my mind, constantly and firmly established.

That Buddha too declared of me, Sikhī, the chief leader of the world;

"Thirty-one cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having gone forth from the delightful city called Kapila, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Aruṇavatī, the warrior was named Aruṇa;

His mother was named Pabhāvatī, of the great sage Sikhī.

For seven thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Sucandaka, Giri, and Vasabha, three excellent mansions.

Twenty-four thousand women, fully adorned;

Sabbakāmā was the name of that woman, Atula was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by elephant vehicle;

For eight months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Sikhī, the chief leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Abhibhū and Sambhava were the chief disciples;

Khemaṅkara by name was the attendant of the great sage Sikhī.

Sakhilā and Padumā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the white lotus tree.

Sirivaḍḍha and Nanda were the chief male attendants;

Cittā and Suguttā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha, risen to seventy cubits in height,

Resembling the radiance of gold, bearing the thirty-two excellent characteristics.

The halo from his body too, by day and night continuously;

Radiates in every direction, the radiance extending three yojanas.

Seventy thousand years was the life span of that great sage;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having rained the cloud of the Teaching, having moistened the world with its gods;

Having caused them to attain the secure end, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Accomplished in features, with the thirty-two excellent characteristics;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Sikhī, the excellent sage, the Buddha, attained final Nibbāna in Assa Park;

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up three yojanas.

In that very Maṇḍa cosmic cycle, matchless, without equal;

The Leader named Vessabhū by name arose in the world.

Indeed, blazing with the fire of lust, the realm of cravings was then conquered;

Like an elephant having cut the bond, he attained the highest enlightenment.

When Vessabhū, the leader of the world, was setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the first full realization for eighty thousand koṭis.

When the elder of the world, the lord of men, had set out on a journey in the realm;

For seventy thousand crores, there was the second full realization.

Dispelling the great wrong view, he performs a miracle;

Men and deities assembled, in the ten-thousand world-system with its gods.

Having seen a great marvel, wonderful, hair-raising;

Sixty koṭis of gods and humans awakened.

There were three assemblies of Vessabhū, the great sage;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

The first meeting was of eighty thousand monks;

The second meeting was of seventy thousand monks.

The third meeting was of sixty thousand monks,

The legitimate sons of the great sage, frightened by the fear of ageing and so on.

I at that time, a warrior named Sudassana;

Having invited the great hero, having given a very precious gift;

With food and drink and cloth, I venerated the Conqueror together with the Community.

Of that matchless Buddha, the supreme wheel was set in motion;

Having heard the sublime Teaching, I delighted in the going forth.

Having carried on the great giving, unwearied day and night;

Knowing the going forth to be accomplished in virtues, I went forth in the presence of the Conqueror.

Accomplished in the qualities of good conduct, concentrated in duty and morality;

Seeking omniscience, I delight in the Conqueror's Dispensation.

Having approached with faith and joy, I pay homage to the Buddha, the Teacher;

Joy arises in me, because of enlightenment itself.

Having known his unwavering mind, the Fully Enlightened One said this:

"Thirty-one cosmic cycles from now, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having gone forth from the delightful city called Kapila, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Anoma, the warrior was named Suppatīta;

The mother was named Yasavatī, of Vessabhū, the great sage.

For six thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Ruci, Suruci, and Rativaḍḍhana, three excellent mansions.

No less than thirty thousand women, fully adorned;

Sucittā was the name of that woman, Suppabuddha was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by palanquin;

For six months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Vessabhū, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at Aruṇa's park, the highest of men.

Soṇa and Uttara were the chief disciples;

Upasanta by name was the attendant of Vessabhū, the great sage.

Rāmā and Samālā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the great sal tree.

Sotthika and Rambha were the chief male attendants;

Gotamī and Sirimā were the chief female attendants.

Sixty cubits in height, like a golden sacrificial post;

Rays emanate from his body, like fire on a mountain at night.

Sixty thousand years was the life span of that great sage;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having made the Teaching widespread, having classified the great multitude;

Having established the boat of the Dhamma, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Beautiful to behold was all the people, the dwelling, the deportment;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Vessabhū, the supreme conqueror, the Teacher, attained final Nibbāna in Khema Park;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

After Vessabhū, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

Kakusandha by name, immeasurable, difficult to approach.

Having abolished all existence, gone to perfection in conduct;

Like a lion having broken through a cage, attained the highest enlightenment.

When Kakusandha, the leader of the world, was setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the full realization of the teaching for forty thousand koṭis.

In the sky, in the atmosphere, having performed the twin miracle;

He awakened thirty thousand crores of gods and humans.

At the proclamation of the four truths by the king of men, the demon,

His full realization of the teaching was incalculable by counting.

Of the Blessed One Kakusandha, there was one meeting;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Of forty thousand, then was the meeting;

Of those who had attained the plane of the tamed, through the destruction of the group of enemies, the mental corruptions.

I at that time, was a warrior named Khema;

Having given no small gift to the Tathāgata, to the sons of the Conqueror.

Having given a bowl and a robe, eye ointment and liquorice;

All this that is wished for, I prepare, the choicest of the choicest.

That Buddha too declared of me, Kakusandha, the great leader;

"In this fortunate cosmic cycle, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having gone forth from the delightful city called Kapila, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

The city was named Khemāvatī, I was then named Khema;

Seeking omniscience, I went forth in his presence.

The brahmin Aggidatta was the father of that Buddha;

Visākhā was the name of the mother, of the Teacher Kakusandha.

There in the secure city dwelt the great family of the Fully Enlightened One;

The excellent, the foremost among men, of good birth, of great fame.

For four thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Kāma, Kāmavaṇṇa, and Kāmasuddhi by name, three excellent mansions.

Thirty thousand women, fully adorned;

Rocinī was the name of that woman, Uttara was the name of her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by chariot vehicle;

For no less than eight months, the Conqueror strove in striving.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Kakusandha, the great leader;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Vidhura and Sañjīva were the chief disciples;

Buddhija by name was the attendant of the Teacher Kakusandha.

Sāmā and Campā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the Sirīsa tree.

Accuta and Sumana were the chief male attendants;

Nandā and Sunandā were the chief female attendants.

Forty cubits, very high, the great sage;

The colour of gold emanates, ten yojanas all around.

Forty thousand years was the life span of that great sage;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having spread out the bazaar of the Dhamma, for men and women including the gods;

Having roared like a lion's roar, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

Accomplished in speech with eight factors, without holes, continuously;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Kakusandha, the supreme conqueror, attained final Nibbāna in Khema Park;

Right there is his excellent stūpa, raised up a league into the sky.

After Kakusandha, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

The Conqueror named Koṇāgamana, the elder of the world, the lord of men.

Having fulfilled the ten qualities, he crossed over the wilderness;

Having washed away all stain, he attained the highest enlightenment.

When Koṇāgamana, the leader, was setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the first full realization for thirty thousand koṭis.

And while performing the miracle, in the crushing of the opponents' views;

For twenty thousand crores, there was the second full realization.

Then, having performed a miraculous transformation, the Conqueror went to the city of the gods;

There the Fully Enlightened One dwelt, on the Paṇḍukambala stone.

Teaching the seven treatises, that sage resided for the rains retreat;

For ten thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

Of that god of gods too, there was one meeting;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Of thirty thousand monks, then was the meeting;

Of those who had overcome the floods, and broken free from death.

I at that time, a warrior named Pabbata;

Accomplished with friends and colleagues, with infinite forces and vehicles.

Having gone to see the Self-Enlightened One, having heard the unsurpassed teaching;

Having invited the Community with the Conqueror, having given a gift as much as wished.

Woollen cloth and Chinese silk, silk fabric and woollen blanket too;

And golden slippers as well, I gave to the Teacher's disciples.

That Buddha too declared of me, having sat down in the midst of the Community;

"In this fortunate cosmic cycle, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having gone forth from the delightful city called Kapila, etc. we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Seeking omniscience, having given a gift to the Highest of Men;

Having abandoned the great kingdom, I went forth in the presence of the Conqueror.

The city was named Sobhavatī, the warrior was named Sobha;

There in that city dwelt the great family of the Fully Enlightened One.

The brahmin Yaññadatta was the father of that Buddha;

The mother was named Uttarā, of the Teacher Koṇāgamana.

For three thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Tusita, Santusita, and Santuṭṭha, three excellent mansions.

No less than sixteen thousand women, fully adorned;

Rucigattā was the name of that woman, Satthavāha was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed by elephant vehicle;

For six months the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Koṇāgamana, the leader;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Bhiyyaso and Uttara by name were the chief disciples;

Sotthija by name was the attendant of the Teacher Koṇāgamana.

Samuddā and Uttarā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the glamorous fig tree.

Ugga and Somadeva were the chief male attendants;

Sīvalā and Sāmā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha, risen to thirty cubits in height,

Like gold in the mouth of a forge, thus adorned with rays.

Thirty thousand years was the life span of that Buddha;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having raised up a shrine of the Dhamma, adorned with the cloth of the Dhamma;

Having made a garland-ball of Dhamma-flowers, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

His people of great splendour, proclaiming the glorious teaching;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

Koṇāgamana, the Fully Enlightened One, attained final Nibbāna at the Mountain Monastery;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

After Koṇāgamana, the Fully Enlightened One, the best of bipeds;

Kassapa by clan, the king of righteousness, the light-bringer.

Having abandoned the family estate, with abundant food and drink,

Having given gifts to beggars, having fulfilled the mind;

Like a bull having broken through the pen, attained the highest enlightenment.

When Kassapa, the leader of the world, was setting in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the first full realization for twenty thousand koṭis.

When for four months the Buddha wandered on a journey in the world;

For ten thousand crores, there was the second full realization.

Having performed the twin miracle, he proclaimed the element of knowledge;

For five thousand crores, there was the third full realization.

In the charming celestial city Sudhammā, there he proclaimed the Teaching;

The Conqueror awakened thirty billion gods.

At the teaching of the Teaching to the demon, the king of men,

The full realizations of those are incalculable by counting.

Of that god of gods too, there was one meeting;

Of those who had eliminated the mental corruptions, spotless ones, of peaceful minds, such ones.

Of twenty thousand monks, then was the meeting;

Of those who had gone beyond existence, such ones with shame and morality.

I was then a young man, renowned as Jotipāla;

A reciter, a bearer of sacred texts, one who has gone beyond the three Vedas.

In the marks of a great man and in history, having reached perfection in his own teaching;

Skilled in earth and sky, accomplished in knowledge, without deficiency.

Ghaṭikāra by name was the attendant of the Blessed One Kassapa;

Respectful, deferential, he attained final Nibbāna at the third fruit.

Ghaṭīkāra, having taken me, approached Kassapa the Conqueror;

Having heard his teaching, I went forth in his presence.

Having become one putting forth strenuous energy, skilled in duties great and small;

Nowhere do I decline, I fulfilled the Conqueror's Dispensation.

As far as what was spoken by the Buddha, the ninefold Conqueror's Dispensation;

Having learnt all thoroughly, I made resplendent the Conqueror's Dispensation.

Having seen my marvel, that Buddha too predicted;

"In this fortunate cosmic cycle, this one will be a Buddha.

"Having gone forth from the delightful city called Kapila, the Tathāgata;

Having striven in striving, having performed austerities.

"Having sat down at the root of the goatherd's tree, the Tathāgata;

Having taken up the milk-rice there, he will approach the Nerañjarā.

"On the bank of the Nerañjarā, having eaten the milk-rice;

By the prepared excellent path, he will approach the foot of the Bodhi tree.

"Then, having circumambulated, the unsurpassed one, the ground of enlightenment;

At the unconquered place, on the excellent seat of enlightenment;

Having sat down cross-legged, the one of great fame will awaken.

"'His mother who gave him birth will be named Māyā;

His father will be named Suddhodana, this one will be Gotama.

"Without mental corruptions, without lust, with peaceful minds, concentrated;

Kolita and Upatissa will be the chief disciples;

"Khemā and Uppalavaṇṇā will be the chief female disciples;

Without mental corruptions, with peaceful minds, without lust, concentrated;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the holy fig tree.

"Citta and Hatthaka of Āḷavī will be the chief male attendants;

Nanda's mother and Uttarā will be the chief female attendants."

Having heard this word of the hermitage's great sage;

Rejoicing, men and deities said: "This one is indeed a Buddha-seed."

Sounds of acclamation occur, they clap their hands and laugh;

With joined palms they pay homage, the ten-thousand world-system together with the gods.

"If we miss the Dispensation of this Protector of the World,

In the future time, we shall be face to face with him."

"Just as people crossing a river, having missed the opposite ford;

Having taken a lower ford, they cross over the great river.

"Just so, all of us, if we let go of this Conqueror;

In the future time, we shall be face to face with him."

Having heard his word too, I gladdened my mind even more;

I determined upon further ascetic practice, for the fulfilment of the ten perfections.

Thus having wandered in the round of rebirths, avoiding misconduct;

And difficult deeds were done by me, because of enlightenment itself.

There was a city named Bārāṇasī, there was a warrior named Kikī;

There in that city dwelt the great family of the Fully Enlightened One.

The brahmin Brahmadatta was the father of that Buddha;

Dhanavatī by name was the mother, of Kassapa the great sage.

For two thousand years, he dwelt in the house;

Haṃsa, Yasa, and Sirinanda, three excellent mansions.

Thirty-six thousand women, fully adorned;

Sunandā was the name of that woman, Vijitasena was her son.

Having seen the four signs, he departed from the palace;

For seven days the striving conduct, the highest of men practised.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, Kassapa, the leader of the world;

The great hero turned the wheel, at the deer-park, the highest of men.

Tissa and Bhāradvāja were the chief disciples;

Sabbamitto by name was the attendant, of Kassapa the great sage.

Anuḷā and Uruveḷā were the chief female disciples;

The enlightenment tree of that Blessed One is called the banyan tree.

Sumaṅgala and Ghaṭikāra were the chief male attendants;

Vicitasenā and Bhaddā were the chief female attendants.

That Buddha, risen to twenty cubits in height,

Like a lightning-staff in the sky, like the moon surrounded by a halo.

Twenty thousand years was the life span of that great sage;

Remaining for that long, he helped many people to cross.

Having built a lake of the Dhamma, having given morality as cosmetic;

Having put on the cloth of the Dhamma, having distributed the garland of the Dhamma.

Having placed the stainless mirror of the Dhamma among the great assembly;

Let those aspiring for Nibbāna see my adornment.

Having given the jacket of morality, armoured with the armour of meditative absorption,

Having wrapped in the leather of the Dhamma, having given the highest armour.

Having given the shield of mindfulness, with a sharp knowledge-lance,

Having given the excellent sword of the Dhamma, for crushing the association with defilements through morality.

Having given the ornament of the threefold true knowledge, a garland of the four fruits;

Having given the adornment of the six higher knowledges, the ornament of Dhamma flowers.

Having given the white umbrella of the Good Teaching, which wards off evil;

Having created the flower of fearlessness, he, together with his disciples, attained final Nibbāna.

For he is the Perfectly Self-awakened One, immeasurable, difficult to approach;

For he is the jewel of the Teaching, well proclaimed, inviting one to come and see.

For he is the jewel of the Community, practicing well, unsurpassed;

All that has disappeared, are not all activities empty?

The Conqueror Mahākassapa, the Teacher, attained final Nibbāna in Setabya Park;

Right there is the stūpa of the Conqueror, one yojana in height.

I am now the Fully Enlightened One, Gotama, increaser of the Sakyas;

Having striven in striving, I attained the highest enlightenment.

Asked by Brahmā, the peaceful one, I set in motion the wheel of the Teaching;

There was the first full realization for eighteen koṭis.

Then also, while he was teaching, at the assembly of humans and gods;

The second full realization was not to be told by counting.

Right here I now exhorted my own son;

The third full realization was not to be told by counting.

There was one assembly for me, of disciples, great sages;

A meeting of one thousand two hundred and fifty monks.

Shining, spotless, in the midst of the Community of monks;

I give all that is wished for, like a gem that grants all desires.

For those longing for fruition, for those seeking to abandon desire for becoming;

I make known the four truths, out of compassion for living beings.

There was the full realization of the teaching for ten and twenty thousand;

The full realizations of one or two are incalculable by counting.

Widespread, known to many, prosperous, flourishing, fully blossomed;

Here the Dispensation of the Sage of the Sakyans was well purified by me.

Without mental corruptions, without lust, with peaceful minds, concentrated;

Monks, many hundreds, all surround me always.

Now those who at present, give up human existence;

Trainees who have not attained their goal, those monks are censured by the wise.

And praising the noble, people always devoted to the Teaching;

The mindful ones, gone into the stream of saṃsāra, will understand.

My city was Kapilavatthu, King Suddhodana was my father;

My mother who gave me birth is called Queen Māyā.

For twenty-nine years, I dwelt in the house;

Ramma, Suramma, and Subhaka, three excellent mansions.

Forty thousand women, fully adorned;

Bhaddakañcanā was the name of that woman, Rāhula was her son.

Having seen the four signs, I departed by horse vehicle;

For six years I practised the striving conduct, hard to do.

At Bārāṇasī in Isipatana, the wheel was set in motion by me;

I am the Gotama, the Self-awakened One, the refuge of all living beings.

Kolita and Upatissa, the two monks who were the chief disciples;

Ānanda by name was the attendant, one who kept near to me;

Citta and Hatthaka of Āḷavī, the chief male attendant lay followers;

Nanda's mother and Uttarā, the chief female attendant lay followers.

At the root of the Bodhi tree, I attained the highest enlightenment;

The halo always around me, risen up to sixteen cubits.

Little is the life span of a hundred years, that is found nowadays;

Remaining for that long, I help many people to cross over.

Having established the torch of the Teaching, the final enlightenment of the people;

I too, before long, together with the Community of disciples;

Right here I shall attain final Nibbāna, like a fire through the exhaustion of fuel.

And those incomparable powers, and these ten powers;

And this body bearing virtues, adorned with the thirty-two excellent characteristics.

Having illuminated the ten directions, like the sun with its six radiances;

All that will disappear, are not all activities empty?

After incalculable cosmic cycles, there were four great leaders;

Taṇhaṅkara, Medhaṅkara, and also Saraṇaṅkara;

And the Fully Enlightened One Dīpaṅkara - those Conquerors were in one cosmic cycle.

After Dīpaṅkara, the Leader named Koṇḍañña;

Alone in one cosmic cycle, he helped many people to cross.

For the Blessed One Dīpaṅkara, and for the Teacher Koṇḍañña;

The aeons between these are incalculable by counting.

After Koṇḍañña, the Leader named Maṅgala;

The aeons between them are incalculable by counting.

Maṅgala and Sumana, Revata, Sobhita the sage;

They too were Buddhas in one cosmic cycle, those with vision, light-bringers.

After Sobhita, Anomadassī of great fame;

The aeons between them are incalculable by counting.

Anomadassī, Paduma, and Nārada too, the Leader;

They too were Buddhas in one cosmic cycle, sages who made an end of darkness.

After Nārada, the Leader named Padumuttara;

Arisen in one cosmic cycle, he helped many people to cross.

Of the Blessed One Nārada, of the Teacher Padumuttara;

The aeons between them are incalculable by counting.

A hundred thousand cosmic cycles ago, there was one great sage;

Padumuttara, knower of the world, the receiver of oblations.

In thirty thousand cosmic cycles, there were two great leaders;

Sumedha and Sujāta, before Padumuttara.

In eighteen hundred cosmic cycles, there were three great leaders;

Piyadassī, Atthadassī, and Dhammadassī were the masters.

And before Sujāta, the self-enlightened ones, the highest of two-footed beings;

Those Buddhas were in one cosmic cycle, matchless in the world.

Ninety-four cosmic cycles ago from now, there was one great sage;

He was Siddhattha, knower of the world, the unsurpassed surgeon.

Ninety-two cosmic cycles ago from now, there were two great leaders;

Tissa and Phussa, the self-enlightened ones, matchless, without equal.

Ninety-one cosmic cycles ago from now, the Leader named Vipassī;

He too, the compassionate Buddha, freed beings from bondage.

Thirty-one cosmic cycles ago from now, there were two great leaders;

Sikhī and Vessabhū, matchless, without equal.

In this fortunate cosmic cycle, there were three great leaders;

Kakusandha, Koṇāgamana, and Kassapa too, the Leader.

I am now the Fully Enlightened One, and Metteyya too will be;

These five Buddhas, the wise ones, have compassion for the world.

Of these kings of the teaching, and of many tens of millions of others;

Having proclaimed that path, they were quenched together with their disciples.

Mahāgotama, the supreme conqueror, attained final Nibbāna in Kusinārā;

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics in those various regions.

One of Ajātasattu, one in the city of Vesālī;

One in Kapilavatthu, and one in Allakappa.

One in Rāmagāma, and one in Veṭhadīpa;

One among the Mallas of Pāvā, and one among the Mallas of Kusinārā.

The brahmin named Doṇa caused a monument to be built for the urn;

The Moriyas, with satisfied minds, caused a monument to be built for the embers.

Eight relic stupas, the ninth the vessel shrine;

The embers stupa the tenth, established at that very time.

The turban, the four canine teeth, and the two collar-bone relics;

These seven are unbroken, the remaining relics are as if broken.

The great ones are the size of mung beans, and the middling ones are like broken rice grains;

The small ones are the size of mustard seeds, and the relics are of various colours.

The great ones are gold-coloured, and the middling ones are pearl-coloured;

The small ones are bud-coloured, and they measure sixteen doṇas of clay.

Five great measures, five middling measures;

And six small measures too, these are all the relics.

The turban in the island of Ceylon, and the left one in the Brahma world;

And the right eye in Ceylon, all these are established.

One tooth was in the city of the devas, one was in the city of the nāgas;

One in the domain of Gandhāra, one of the king of Kaliṅga.

Forty even teeth, hairs of the head and body hair altogether;

The gods carried away each one, to a succession of world-systems.

At Vajirā, the Blessed One's bowl and staff and robe;

The inner robe at the family house, the bed-sheet at the city called Kapila.

In the city of Pāṭaliputta, a water vessel and a waistband;

In Campā a water-cloth, and woollen cloth in Kosala.

The ochre robe in the Brahma world, and the turban in the city of the Thirty-three heaven;

The sitting cloth among the Avantis, and the bed-sheet in the realm then.

Fire-sticks in Mithilā, in Videha a forest for the assembly;

An adze and a needle-case too, in the city of Indapatta then.

The remaining requisites, in the country of Aparantaka;

Used by the sage, people made then.

There was a wide-spread distribution of relics, of Gotama, the great sage;

Out of compassion for living beings, it was ancient at that time.